結核の宿主指向治療は,インタールイキン-1とI型インターフェロンクロストラックに基づく
Katrin D Mayer-Barber1, Bruno B Andrade1, Sandra D Oland1
1Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases (LPD), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Nature
|July 4, 2014
まとめ
インターリューキン-1 (IL-1) とタイプIインターフェロン (IFN) は,エイコサノイドを介して結核のアウトカムを制御します. プロスタグランジンE2の増加は,宿主指向の結核免疫療法において有望であることが示されています.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- ホストと病原体の相互作用
背景:
- 結核 (TB) は,HIVの共感染,ワクチン不足,薬剤耐性により悪化する世界的な主要な死亡原因です.
- 従来の化学療法は,多剤耐性菌株との課題に直面しており,代替治療戦略が必要である.
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) に対する先天性免疫応答は,宿主指向治療の潜在的な標的である.
研究 の 目的:
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) に対する宿主耐性におけるインターリューキン-1 (IL-1) の役割を調査する.
- 結核感染症の制御におけるIL-1,タイプIインターフェロン (IFN) とイコサノイドの関連性を調査する.
- エイコサノイドネットワークを標的とした宿主指向免疫療法戦略を評価する.
主な方法:
- Mtbに感染したマウスと患者のIL-1およびタイプI IFN応答の分析.
- 疾患の重症度に関連したイコサノイドプロフィールの調査.
- プロスタグランジンE2レベルを高める薬剤を用いた宿主指向免疫療法の試験.
主要な成果:
- IL-1は,過剰なタイプIIFNの産生を制限し,バクテリアの封じ込めを促進するイコサノイドを誘導することにより,耐性を提供します.
- IL-1応答の低下および/または1型IFN誘導の過剰は,イコサノイドの不均衡および疾患の悪化と相関しています.
- プロスタグランジンE2レベルを治療的に増加させることで,Mtbに感染したマウスの急性死亡を防ぐことができました.
結論:
- IL-1およびタイプIのIFNは,MTB感染症のアウトカムを制御する重要な対抗調節性サイトカインであり,イコサノイドを通じて機能的に結びついています.
- ホストエコサノイドネットワークの操作は,実行可能なホスト指向の治療戦略を提供します.
- このアプローチは,従来の結核化学療法に対する潜在的な代替品または補助剤を意味します.
関連する概念動画
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
984
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
984
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
1.7K
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
1.7K
01:24Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF
872
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
872
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
2.4K
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
2.4K
01:26Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
810
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
810
01:30Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis
57
Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
57