米国における感染症の課題
Rima F Khabbaz1, Robin R Moseley1, Riley J Steiner2
1Office of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 6, 2014
まとめ
感染症は米国において重大な脅威となり,健康と医療に影響を及ぼしています. 抗菌剤耐性と共に,流行性,医療関連,および新興感染症に対処するには,統合診断と広範なパートナーシップが必要です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 感染症は,米国における健康と医療資源に大きな負担を課しています.
- 慢性肝炎やHIV,性感染症,ヘルスケア関連感染症,食品感染症などの流行性感染症は,何百万人に感染し,健康格差を悪化させています.
- 進展にもかかわらず,ワクチンで予防可能な疾患は引き続きアウトブレイクを引き起こし,新興/再出現する感染症と抗菌剤耐性が継続的なグローバルな課題を提示しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国における感染症による持続的で多面的な課題を強調する.
- 科学と技術の進歩を公衆衛生戦略に組み込む必要性を強調する.
- 感染症の負担と闘う上で多様なパートナーシップが果たす重要な役割を強調する.
主な方法:
- 米国における現在の感染症の傾向と課題の見直し.
- 持続的な疾病負担とアウトブレイクに貢献する要因の分析.
- 疾病管理における技術統合と共同努力の役割の検討.
主要な成果:
- 流行性感染症,医療関連感染症,ワクチン接種で予防可能な感染症により,健康と医療資源に重大な負担がかかっています.
- 新興感染症と抗生物質耐性菌は,緊急の対応を必要とする世界的な脅威を拡大しています.
- 分子診断とバイオインフォマティクスを公衆衛生に統合することは,重要な優先事項です.
結論:
- 感染症の負荷を効果的に軽減するには,政府,医療,学術,産業部門の強力な多様なパートナーシップと,公衆の関与が必要です.
- 継続的な警戒と革新的な戦略は,既定および新規の感染症の脅威の両方を管理するために不可欠です.
- 科学と技術の進歩を活用することは,感染症に対する公衆衛生の対応を強化するために不可欠です.
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