破壊的なCHD8変異は,発達初期における自閉症のサブタイプを定義する
Raphael Bernier1, Christelle Golzio2, Bo Xiong3
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Cell
|July 8, 2014
まとめ
自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) の小児におけるCHD8遺伝子の遺伝子解析により,特定の変異が特定されました. これらの変異は,マクロセファリーと胃腸の問題によって特徴づけられる明確なASDサブタイプに関連しています.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 神経発達障害 神経発達障害とは
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
背景:
- 自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) は,重要な異質性を持つ複雑な神経発達状態です.
- ASDにおけるサブタイプ識別に対する行動的アプローチは,限られた成功を収めました.
- 遺伝的要因は,ASDの病因を理解する上でますます重要であると認識されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 遺伝的に異なるASDのサブタイプを特定するCHD8遺伝子の役割を調査する.
- 発達遅延またはASDを有する個体におけるCHD8変異に関連する表型特性を特徴づける.
主な方法:
- ASDに関連したCHD8遺伝子の再配列解析は,発達遅延またはASDを持つ3,730人の小児のコホートにおいて行われました.
- 変異分析は,感染した個人を,感染していない兄弟姉妹を含む8,792人の対照群と比較した.
- 特定されたCHD8変異を有する個体のフェノタイプの特徴.
- ゼブラフィッシュモデルを用いた機能的研究で,ヒトのフェノタイプを再現する.
主要な成果:
- 研究コホートでは,CHD8遺伝子の15の独立した突然変異が特定されました.
- コントロールグループでは切断性CHD8変異は発見されず,強い関連性を示した.
- CHD8変異を持つ個人は,ASD診断の高い確率を示し,マクロケファリー,顔の特徴,消化器系不快症に富んだ.
- 破壊されたCHD8を持つゼブラフィッシュモデルは,頭部サイズが拡大され,胃腸の運動性が低下し,ヒトの症状を反映した.
結論:
- CHD8遺伝子の障害は,自閉症スペクトル障害の特定のサブタイプを定義します.
- CHD8変異は,脳の発達と腸内神経系の機能との関連を強調しています.
- この研究は,異なったASDサブタイプのための遺伝的基礎を提供し,新しい併発症を明らかにします.
関連する概念動画
Autism Spectrum Disorder
1.9K
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
1.9K
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
1.4K
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
1.4K
Conduct Disorder
1.0K
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
1.0K
Huntington Disease l: Introduction
68
Huntington disease or HD is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.PathophysiologyIt is caused by expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene on chromosome 4 (4p16.3), producing an abnormal huntingtin protein with an expanded polyglutamine tract. This misfolded protein disrupts cellular function, leading to neuronal death. Normal alleles have ≤26 repeats, 27–35 are intermediate (risk of expansion), 36–39 show...
68
Sex-linked Disorders
93.8K
Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.
93.8K
Alternative RNA Splicing
20.4K
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
20.4K


