C. elegansにおける小さなRNAの飢餓誘発型世代間遺伝
Oded Rechavi1, Leah Houri-Ze'evi2, Sarit Anava2
1Department of Neurobiology, Wise Faculty of Life Sciences and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Cell
|July 15, 2014
まとめ
飢餓は子孫に遺伝性表遺伝的変化を引き起こし,世代を超えて彼らの健康と寿命に影響を与えます. この研究は,小さなRNAが,この栄養ストレスに関する世代を超えた記憶をどのように媒介するかを明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- エピジェネティクスと発達生物学
- 遺伝の分子メカニズムについて
- 健康に対する環境の影響
背景:
- 飢饉が子孫の健康に影響を及ぼすという証拠があるが,そのメカニズムや世代間の範囲は不明である.
- 小型RNAは,C. elegansの世代を超えた遺伝子サイレンシングを媒介し,通常は外来DNAに対して作用する.
- 世代を超えた内生性表遺伝情報の遺伝は,まだ十分に理解されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 飢餓が子孫に遺伝性表遺伝子変化を誘発するかどうかを調査する.
- 飢餓効果の世代を超えた遺伝に関与する分子機構,特に小さなRNAを特定する.
- 飢餓に誘発されたエピジェネティックメモリの子孫の健康と寿命への影響を決定する.
主な方法:
- 飢餓によるC. elegans.の発達停止を誘発する.
- 飢餓状態とコントロール状態のC.elegansの小さなRNAプロファイルを複数の世代 (F1,F2,F3) で分析した.
- 世代を超えて伝達される小さなRNAの標的遺伝子と,多世代効果のために不可欠な遺伝子を特定する.
- 飢えた動物のF3子孫の寿命を評価する.
主要な成果:
- 飢餓によって引き起こされる発育停止は,少なくとも3世代に渡って受け継がれる内生的な小さなRNAを生成します.
- これらの世代を超えて伝達される小さなRNAは,栄養に関与する遺伝子を標的とする.
- この多世代効果に不可欠な特定の遺伝子が特定されました.
- 餓死した動物のF3の子孫は,世代を超えた記憶を示す,寿命が延びたことを示した.
結論:
- 飢餓は,栄養遺伝子を標的とする遺伝小RNAを介して,世代を超えた表遺伝的記憶を誘発する可能性があります.
- この表遺伝的遺伝は,長寿を含む子孫の現象型に影響を与えます.
- この発見は,C. elegans.における環境情報の世代間継承のための新しいメカニズムを明らかにしています.
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