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5テラパスカルのダイヤモンドのランプ圧縮

R F Smith¹, J H Eggert¹, R Jeanloz²

¹Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA.

|July 18, 2014

まとめ

科学者たちは,ランプ圧縮を使用して極端な圧力下での密度の高い物質を探索し,天体物理学と融合エネルギーに関連する電子退化物質に関する新しい洞察を明らかにしました.

科学分野:

物理物理学物理学とは
惑星科学惑星科学
マテリアルサイエンス材料科学

背景:

エクソプラネットの発見と核融合エネルギーの研究は,密度の高い物質物理学への関心を高めている.
電子が劣化した物質は,極端な圧力下では複雑な行動を示し,惑星の内部と融合プラズマに影響を与えます.
密度関数理論のような高度な理論的モデルは,これらの物質状態を理解するために不可欠です.

研究の目的:

5テラパスカルまでの圧力で電子退廃物質の振る舞いを実験的に探知する.
極端な圧縮下にあるダイヤモンドの新しい状態方程式データを提供するために.
密度の高い物質の理論モデルを精錬し,天体物理学と核融合研究に情報を提供する.

主な方法:

ダイヤのサンプルで高圧を達成するために,衝撃のないダイナミック (ランプ) 圧縮を使用しました.
3.7倍圧縮と5テラパスカルのピーク圧力で状態方程式測定を行った.
実験データを第一原理の密度関数計算と比較した.

主要な成果:

ダイヤモンドを5テラパスカル (500万大気) に圧縮する前例のない圧縮を達成しました.
極端な条件下で密度の高い物質の正確な状態方程式データを生成しました.
データは理論的予測と一致し,天体物理学モデルに新たな制約を与える.

結論:

ランプ圧縮は,実験室で電子退化物質を研究するための有効な方法を提供します.
実験データにより,惑星と核融合に関連する密度の高い物質の理論モデルが検証されています.
発見は,系外惑星の質量半径関係と融合プラズマの振る舞いを理解するのに寄与します.

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