セックスワーカーのHIV対策に対するコミュニティエンパワーメントのアプローチ:有効性,課題,および実施と拡大のための考慮事項
Deanna Kerrigan1, Caitlin E Kennedy1, Ruth Morgan-Thomas2
1Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 26, 2014
まとめ
コミュニティのエンパワーメントプログラムは,セックスワーカーの間でHIVとSTDを大幅に減らすことができます. しかし,法律,社会,資金の障壁は,これらの重要なHIV予防戦略の大規模な実施を妨げています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 社会科学 社会科学とは
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 社会的・構造的な障壁に対処することによって,セックスワーカーにおけるHIV/STIに対処する上で,コミュニティのエンパワーメントは極めて重要であると認識されています.
- 認知されているにもかかわらず,セックスワーカーにおけるHIV予防のためのコミュニティエンパワーメントのアプローチの大規模な実施は依然として限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- セックスワーカーのHIV予防におけるコミュニティエンパワーメントのアプローチの有効性を検討し,体系的に分析する.
- これらのコミュニティ主導のHIV介入の実施と拡大の障壁を特定する.
主な方法:
- セックスワーカーにおけるHIVに対するコミュニティエンパワーメントのアプローチの包括的なレビュー.
- 低所得および中所得国の研究の体系的レビューとメタ分析.
主要な成果:
- コミュニティのエンパワーメントアプローチは,HIV/STIの発生率の低下と,セックスワーカーの間でコンドームの使用の増加と関連していた.
- 犯罪化,汚名,暴力,資金調達問題など,重大な構造的障壁が,プログラムの実施と拡大を妨げています.
結論:
- コミュニティのエンパワーメントは,セックスワーカーのHIVアウトカムを改善するのに効果的ですが,実質的な実施課題に直面しています.
- 証拠基盤の強化と,セックスワークの労働としての認識を含む政策変更の提唱は,より広範な支持と成功のために不可欠です.
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