女性セックスワーカーのHIV予防の組み合わせ:証拠は?
Linda-Gail Bekker1, Leigh Johnson2, Frances Cowan3
1The Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, University of Cape Town, Republic of South Africa.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 26, 2014
まとめ
セックスワーカーのための効果的なHIV予防には,生物医学,行動,構造的介入の組み合わせが含まれます. コンドームの配布などのコミュニティ主導のプログラムは,HIV感染率を大幅に削減し,新しい生物医学戦略を通じてさらなる削減が可能になりました.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 社会科学 社会科学とは
背景:
- 世界中のセックスワーカーは,HIV流行の影響に大きく直面しています.
- HIVリスクは多因性であり,個々の決定要因,二次的決定要因,コミュニティレベルの決定要因の影響を受けます.
研究 の 目的:
- セックスワーカーのための効果的なHIV予防戦略を見直す.
- 南アフリカにおけるHIV感染率に対する介入の潜在的な影響をモデル化するため.
主な方法:
- セックスワーカーのためのHIV予防パッケージに関する文献レビュー.
- 南アフリカにおけるHIV感染ダイナミクスの数学的モデリング.
主要な成果:
- コンドームのプロモーションと配布プログラムは,南アフリカのセックスワーカーとクライアントのHIV感染率を70%以上削減しました.
- 口服による暴露前予防と検査治療プログラムにより,楽観的なシナリオでは,10年以内に罹患率を最大40%まで減らすことができる.
結論:
- 生物医学,行動,構造的介入を組み合わせた,統合されたHIV予防パッケージは,極めて重要です.
- コミュニティ主導のアプローチは,世界中のセックスワーカーの間で効果的なHIV予防に不可欠です.
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