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関連する概念動画

Observational Learning01:12

Observational Learning

1.5K
Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
1.5K
Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness01:14

Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness

4.2K
Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
4.2K
Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

12.8K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.8K
Associative Learning01:27

Associative Learning

2.1K
Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
2.1K
Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development01:14

Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development

2.6K
The sensorimotor stage, the initial phase of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, spans the first two years of a child's life. During this period, infants actively engage with their surroundings, building cognitive awareness through direct interaction with the world. This interaction is primarily based on sensory perception and motor actions, allowing infants to gradually understand basic physical properties and predict how objects interact within their environment.
Exploration...
2.6K
Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

1.6K
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
1.6K

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Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice
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Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice

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感覚運動学習におけるエラーの記憶です.

David J Herzfeld1, Pavan A Vaswani2, Mollie K Marko3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory for Computational Motor Control, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. dherzfe1@jhmi.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 16, 2014
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

脳は,単にコマンドから学習するだけでなく,過去の間違いを思い出して学習します. このエラーメモリは,慣れ親しんだタスクでより速く改善するのを助け,節約と呼ばれるコンセプトです.

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Using Virtual Reality to Transfer Motor Skill Knowledge from One Hand to Another
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関連する実験動画

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科学分野:

  • 神経科学は神経科学である.
  • モーター・コントロール・コントロール
  • 認知心理学とは,認知心理学である.

背景:

  • 伝統的な運動学習理論は,学習した運動コマンドを記憶することに焦点を当てています.
  • モーターメモリは,しばしば,成功したまたは強化されたモーターコマンドの記録と見なされます.
  • 既存のモデルは,運動タスクにおける貯蓄やメタラーニングのような現象を完全に説明できない.

研究 の 目的:

  • 運動学習における代替的な記憶形態を調査する.
  • 過去のエラーに基づいて学習速度を適応させる脳のメカニズムを探求する.
  • エラーリコールを含む新しいモーターメモリモデルを提案する.

主な方法:

  • エラー依存学習のための数学式の開発.
  • 過去のエラー履歴が現在のエラー処理にどのように影響するかを分析する.
  • モーター学習,貯蓄,メタラーニングに関する既存の実験データに対してモデルをテストする.

主要な成果:

  • 脳は,過去のエラーの歴史に基づいて,現在のエラーからの学習を積極的に制御します.
  • 証拠は,モーターコマンドメモリとは異なる"エラーメモリ"の存在を示唆しています.
  • 提案された数学モデルは,貯蓄とメタラーニングの現象をうまく説明しています.

結論:

  • モーター・ラーニングは,新しい形の記憶,すなわちエラーの記憶を含んでいます.
  • 脳は過去のエラー経験を利用して,将来の学習とパフォーマンスを最適化します.
  • このエラーメモリ・フレームワークは,運動スキルの習得と適応のより包括的な理解を提供します.