継続的なケア介入と退院後の成人入院者の禁煙:ランダム化臨床試験
Nancy A Rigotti1, Susan Regan2, Douglas E Levy3
1Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston2Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston3Mongan Institute for Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital and Partners He.
JAMA
|August 21, 2014
まとめ
入院後の介入により,禁煙率が著しく上昇しました. 自動通話と無料の薬剤を含むこの持続的ケアアプローチは,長期的な禁煙のための標準的なケア勧告よりも効果的であることが示されました.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- クリニカル・インターベンション
- タバコ依存症の治療について
背景:
- 効果的な慢性疾患管理モデルは,医療システム,特にたばこ依存症にとって極めて重要です.
- 入院は,禁煙の介入を開始するための重要な窓を提供します.
- 退院後の継続的な治療は,入院中の禁煙プログラムの長期的な成功に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 標準的なケアと比較して,退院後の継続的な禁煙介入の有効性を評価する.
- 入院後の支援の強化が成人喫煙者の禁煙率を改善するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- ランダム化臨床試験で,入院中の喫煙者397人が,禁煙を希望していました.
- 介入グループは,自動化されたインタラクティブ音声応答の電話と,最大90日間,無料の禁酒薬を受け取った.
- 標準治療群は退院後の薬剤療法とカウンセリングの推奨を受け,主なアウトカムは生化学的に確認された6ヶ月後の7日間の禁煙でした.
主要な成果:
- 継続ケアグループでは,カウンセリングと薬剤療法の利用率が高かった.
- 6ヶ月で生化学的に確認された7日間の禁煙は,標準ケア (15%) (RR, 1.71) と比較して,持続ケアグループ (26%) で有意に高かった.
- 6ヶ月後に自己報告された継続的な禁欲率は,標準的なケア (16%),継続的なケア (27%) と比較して,さらに高かった.
結論:
- 自動通話と無料の薬を組み合わせた退院後の介入は,入院喫煙者の禁煙率を大幅に高めます.
- このアプローチは,退院後に持続的な禁煙を達成するための有望な戦略です.
- 研究結果は,禁煙プログラムにおける長期的な成果を改善するためのスケーラブルなモデルを示唆しています.
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