ノダルシグナリングは,Hydraにおけるビラディアル非対称性を決定する
Hiroshi Watanabe1, Heiko A Schmidt2, Anne Kuhn1
1Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Nature
|August 27, 2014
まとめ
ハイドラのノダル関連遺伝子 (Ndr) は軸不対称性を確立し,芽生えと体軸形成に影響を与えます. これは,cnidariansとbilateriansの間の分裂より前の保存されたシグナル伝達経路を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- 双方向性の人は,特定のシグナリング因子によって調節される3つの体軸 (前後,背中,左,右) を有する.
- クニダリアンは,バイラテリアンの姉妹であり,未知の分子基盤を持つ口腔-腹腔軸に沿ってバイラディアル性を示す.
研究 の 目的:
- クニダリアン・ヒドラの軸非対称性の分子基礎を調査する.
- 身体軸のパターニング経路の進化的起源を探求する.
主な方法:
- Hydra magnipapillata.でノダル関連遺伝子 (Ndr) の特定と分析
- 軸非対称性と芽形成におけるNdrの役割を調査した.
- Ndr,Pitx,β-カテニンのシグナル伝達との関係を検証する.
主要な成果:
- ハイドラでノダル関連遺伝子 (Ndr) が特定され,軸性非対称性にとって不可欠であることが判明しました.
- Ndrは,芽生えたポリプで新しい体軸を誘導する横向のシグナルセンターを確立します.
- Ndrはβ-カテニンの信号伝達の下流に作用し,転写因子Pitxを誘導し,脊椎動物のノダル機能を反映します.
結論:
- 核のシグナリングカセット (β-Catenin, Nodal, Pitx) は,コニダリアン・ビラテリアン分裂より前のものである.
- このカセットは,ナニダリアンにおける横行枝分かれと,バイラテリアンにおける左から右のパターンを含む,様々な軸向パターニングの役割のために採用された可能性が高い.
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