ウサギのゲノム解析は,家畜化中のフェノタイプの変化のための多遺伝的基礎を明らかにしています

Miguel Carneiro¹, Carl-Johan Rubin², Federica Di Palma^3,4

¹CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|August 30, 2014

まとめ

ドメスティケーションの遺伝学は複雑です. ウサギのゲノム解析は,特に脳の発達遺伝子の多くの遺伝的変化を明らかにし,従順な行動が,数々の小さな遺伝的シフトを通して進化したことを示唆しています.

科学分野:

ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
進化生物学の進化生物学について
動物の家畜化動物の家畜化

背景:

動物の家畜化,特に初期の進化の段階の遺伝的根拠は,ほとんど不明のままである.
飼い主化を理解するには,野生と家畜の集団の詳細な遺伝分析が必要です.

研究の目的:

ウサギの家畜化が根底にある遺伝的構造を調査する.
特定の遺伝領域と,家畜化によって影響を受けた遺伝子を特定する.

主な方法:

高品質のウサギのリファレンスゲノムの生成.
野生のウサギと家畜のウサギの集団の再配列比較.
選択的スウィップと単核酸ポリモルフィズム (SNP) の識別と分析.

主要な成果:

国内ウサギに特有の100以上の選択的掃描が特定されました.
限られた数の固定派生アレル単核酸多形態 (SNP) が発見されました.
有意なアレル周波数差を持つSNPは,保存された非コーディング領域で濃縮された.
脳とニューロンの発達に関連する遺伝子は,増殖を示した.

結論:

ウサギの家畜化には,多数の遺伝的位置にわたるアレル周波数のシフトが含まれていました.
単一の主要な遺伝子ではなく,複雑な遺伝的背景が,家畜の飼いならされた行動の進化の根底にある可能性が高い.
保存されたノンコーディングサイトは,家畜化プロセスにおいて重要な役割を果たす可能性があります.

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