分離された触媒水素は,水分裂における分子金属酸化物酸化還元媒介体から進化した
Benjamin Rausch1, Mark D Symes1, Greig Chisholm1
1WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 13, 2014
まとめ
この研究では,持続可能な水素生産のためのリサイクル可能なシリコンタングスティック酸媒介剤を紹介しています. ガス生産を分離することで,効率的で安全な水素生成を可能にし,水電解の高圧問題を回避します.
科学分野:
- 持続可能なエネルギー技術
- 電気化学エネルギー変換 電気化学エネルギー変換
- カタリシス カタリシス カタリシス
背景:
- 再生可能エネルギーは,水の電解による持続可能な水素生産への関心を高めています.
- 従来の電解機は,高圧ガス生産と製品クロスオーバー,特に再生可能エネルギーに特有の低電流密度で課題に直面しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 効率的で安全な水素生産のための新しい方法を開発する.
- 低圧酸素の進化を,別々のエネルギー効率の高い水素生成ステップと組み合わせるため.
- 水の電解における膜の劣化とガスクロスオーバーの問題を軽減するために.
主な方法:
- 水酸化と水素生成をカップリングするために,リサイクル可能なリドックスメディエーター,シリコンタングス酸を使用しました.
- 催化水素生成から電解機内の分離された酸素の進化.
- 水素生成のためのプラチナ触媒システムを使用した.
主要な成果:
- 最先端の陽子交換膜電解機よりも30倍以上の高速で水素の生成速度を達成し,プラチナに相当する負荷で.
- 水素の生産のために,電解後のエネルギー投入の必要性を排除しました.
- 電解細胞内の高圧ガスの生成を回避し,膜の分解とガスのクロスオーバーを軽減しました.
結論:
- シリコンタングスティック酸を媒介するシステムは,安全で効率的な持続可能な水素生産のための有望な経路を提供します.
- このアプローチは,水分装置の性能と安全性を向上させ,特に断続的な再生可能エネルギー源で動いている装置の性能と安全性を向上させます.
- リサイクル可能なメディエーターと分離された触媒ステップは,電解技術における重要な進歩を表しています.
関連する概念動画
02:13Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
12.3K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
12.3K
02:17Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
2.6K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
2.6K
02:50Catalysis
22.8K
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
22.8K
01:22Heterogeneous Catalysis
134
Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
134
01:46Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis
9.8K
In ozonolysis, ozone is used to cleave a carbon–carbon double bond to form aldehydes and ketones, or carboxylic acids, depending on the work-up.
Ozone is a symmetrical bent molecule stabilized by a resonance structure.
Ozone is a symmetrical bent molecule stabilized by a resonance structure.
9.8K
01:23Redox Equilibria: Overview
1.3K
A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
1.3K