気候変動. 気候変動. 海洋と陸の生態系を組み合わせた6世紀の多様性と極端な状況

Bryan A Black¹, William J Sydeman², David C Frank³

¹University of Texas Marine Science Institute, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, TX 78373, USA. bryan.black@utexas.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|September 20, 2014

まとめ

カリフォルニア流の沿岸上流の変動性は,ここ数十年で大幅に増加し,海洋生態系に潜在的に影響を及ぼしています. この傾向は,極端な冬の天候によって引き起こされ,海洋生物と漁業に影響を及ぼしている可能性があります.

科学分野:

海洋生態学海洋生態学とは
気候科学気候科学
海洋学海洋学とは

背景:

東の境界流における沿岸上流は,生産的な生態系を支えている.
アップウェリングの変動性の最近の傾向は,生態学的懸念を引き起こしています.
工業化以前の変動の限界を評価するには,楽器記録は短すぎます.

研究の目的:

カリフォルニア流における過去の気候の変動を再構築する.
最近の上昇の変動を長期の歴史的レベルと比較するために.
アップウェリングの最近の変化のドライバーを特定する.

主な方法:

カリフォルニア流の576年の気候再構築を開発した.
冬のアップウェリングに関連した気候変数を分析した.
最近の変動を600年間の再建と比較した.

主要な成果:

アップウォーリングの変動性は20世紀後半に600年ぶりに上昇した.
この増加は,極度の低地生活に有利な冬の条件によって引き起こされた.
現代の変動レベルは,過去600年間で2回しか一致しなかった.

結論:

カリフォルニア州における最近の増加現在の上流の変動性は,歴史的に有意である.
極端な冬の気候現象は,この現代的なトレンドの主要な原動力です.
生産性の低下は,商業的および保全上の重要な海洋捕食者を脅かしています.

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