エディアカランの動物の胚のような化石における細胞の分化と胚-ソマの分離
Lei Chen1, Shuhai Xiao2, Ke Pang1
11] State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, and Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China [2] College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Nature
|September 26, 2014
まとめ
新しいエディアカランの微生物化石は,細胞の分化とプログラムされた細胞死を含む複雑な多細胞性を明らかにしています. これらの発見は,以前の解釈に異議を唱え,幹群動物や藻類のような初期のユカリオットとの親和性を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- パレオントロジー・パレオントロジー
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- エディアカラン・ドゥシャントゥオ形成のリン酸塩には,議論の余地のある系統遺伝的起源を持つ球状の微生物化石が含まれています.
- 以前の解釈には,細菌,原生体,ホロゾーン,藻類,および初期の動物胚が含まれています.
- 生命周期と細胞の分化に関する不確実性は,系統遺伝的配置を妨げています.
研究 の 目的:
- ドウシャントゥー形成の新しい球状の微生物化石を記述する.
- これらの化石における後の発達段階と細胞の分化に関する証拠を調査する.
- これらの初期の生命体の遺伝学的な解釈を洗練するために.
主な方法:
- ドウシャントウ形成の黒いリン酸塩から新たに発見された球状の微生物化石の分析.
- 顕微鏡検査は,発達段階,細胞の分化,細菌・ソマの分離,プログラム細胞死などを特定するために行われます.
主要な成果:
- 後期の発達段階を表す,以前見過ごされていた球状の化石の発見.
- 細胞の微分化,細菌体分離,プログラム細胞死亡の証拠が観察されました.
- 複雑な多細胞性は,細菌,単細胞原生体,またはホロゾアンの親和性とは矛盾しています.
結論:
- ドウシャントウの化石は高度な多細胞性を示しており,より単純な系統遺伝学的な解釈を排除しています.
- コロナ群の動物やヴォルボシン緑藻との親和は,現在の証拠に基づいた可能性は低い.
- 幹群動物や藻類などの細胞分化された多細胞性ユーカリ生物との関係がもっとも妥当な解釈であるが,さらなるデータが必要である.
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