地上生態系における気候と炭素循環時間における地球的共変
Nuno Carvalhais1, Matthias Forkel2, Myroslava Khomik3
11] Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Strasse 10, 07745 Jena, Germany [2] Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, DCEA, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
Nature
|September 26, 2014
まとめ
世界的な炭素循環時間は平均23年で,緯度によって異なります. 生態系の炭素貯蔵は,気温と降水の両方によって強く影響され,現在の気候モデルに挑戦しています.
科学分野:
- 地球システム科学 地球システム科学
- 気候変動研究 気候変動研究
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
背景:
- 気候変動に対する地球の炭素循環反応は,気候予測における大きな不確実性です.
- 生態系の炭素循環時間は,気候-炭素サイクルフィードバックの重要な要因です.
- グローバルな炭素循環を理解することは,正確な気候モデリングに不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 生態系全体における炭素循環時間に関する,全体的な,空間的に明示的な,観察に基づく評価を提供すること.
- 最先端の気候/炭素サイクルモデルからのシミュレーションと観測に基づく推定を比較する.
- 炭素循環の主要な要因を特定し,モデルで表す.
主な方法:
- 植生と土壌の有機炭素の蓄積と流れの新しい推定を組み合わせた.
- 世界的な炭素循環時間に関する空間的に明示的な,観察に基づく評価を実施しました.
- 周回時間,温度,降水量の間の関係を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 世界的な平均的な炭素循環時間は23年であり,緯度の大きな変動がある (赤道では15年,北緯75度より北に255年).
- 炭素循環時間は,気温と降水の両方に強い依存性を示しています.
- 気候モデルは,世界の炭素循環時間を平均36%過小評価しており,降雨の影響も捉えていない.
結論:
- 将来の気候-炭素サイクルフィードバックは,現在モデル化されているよりも,水学サイクルの変化に対してより敏感になる可能性があります.
- 地球システムモデルは,炭素循環における降雨の役割を正確に表現するために改善が必要です.
- 観測ベースのデータは,気候変動の予測のための重要な生態系特性を明らかにします.
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