精密の微生物群再構成により,クロストリジウム・ディフィシルウイルスに対する胆酸媒介による耐性が回復します
Charlie G Buffie1, Vanni Bucci2, Richard R Stein3
11] Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA [2] Lucille Castori Center for Microbes, Inflammation and Cancer, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA.
Nature
|October 23, 2014
まとめ
クロストリジウム・シンドンズ (Clostridium scindens) のような特定の腸内細菌は,クロストリジウム・ディフィシル感染から身を守る. これらの有益な微生物を回復させることで,抗生物質による下痢を予防し,患者の治療結果を改善することができます.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 胃腸内科 胃腸内科
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
背景:
- 哺乳類の腸内微生物群は,病原体に対するコロニー化抵抗性を提供します.
- 抗生物質は腸内微生物群を破壊し,Clostridium difficileのような感染症に対する感受性を高めます.
- クラストリジウムディフィシル感染 (CDI) は,特に入院患者において,著しい罹病率と死亡率を引き起こします.
研究 の 目的:
- CDIに耐性を与える特定の腸内細菌を特定する.
- CDI抵抗性のインビボメカニズムを解明する.
- CDIに対する潜在的微生物群ベースの治療法を発見する.
主な方法:
- マウスの抗生物質治療により,微生物群の異なった変化と異なるCDI感受性を誘発する.
- バクテリアの個体数の減少とCDIの発症の相関分析.
- ヒト患者の微生物群データを数学的にモデル化し分析する.
- 特定された耐性関連細菌のインビヴォ投与.
主要な成果:
- 異なる抗生物質の治療により,マウスのCDI感受性が変化した.
- クロストリジウム・シンドンスは,CDI耐性に関連する重要な細菌として特定されました.
- Clostridium scindensの投与は,二次性胆酸依存の方法でCDIに対する耐性を高めました.
- マウスとヒトに共通する耐性関連細菌が特定されました.
結論:
- クロストリジウム・シンドンスは,クロストリジウム・ディフィシル感染から身を守るために重要な役割を果たします.
- Clostridium scindensによる二次胆酸代謝は,その保護効果にとって極めて重要です.
- プロバイオティクスを含む標的型介入は,微生物群の機能を回復し,CDIを予防することができます.
- 発見は,CDIの予防のための微生物群ベースの診断と治療法の開発をサポートしています.
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