植物遺伝学 植物遺伝学 Y染色体でコードされた小型のRNAは,ペルシモンの性決定因子として作用する
Takashi Akagi1, Isabelle M Henry2, Ryutaro Tao3
1Department of Plant Biology and Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA. Laboratory of Pomology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 1, 2014
まとめ
研究者らは,女性化遺伝子を抑制するパルシモンのY染色体特異的な小さなRNAであるOGIを特定しました. この発見は,Y染色体系を持つ植物における性決定の進化に光を当てている.
科学分野:
- 植物遺伝学 植物遺伝学
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 性染色体の進化について
背景:
- 植物は性染色体を独立して進化させ,比較的な洞察を提供している.
- 植物における特定の性決定因子は,未だにほとんど特定されていない.
- ディオスピロス・ロータス (Caucasian persimmon) は,雄性異性交 (XY) を有する二葉植物である.
研究 の 目的:
- Diospyros lotusの性決定因子を特定するために.
- この種の性決定の基礎となる分子機構を理解する.
- 植物における性染色体の進化的起源を調査する.
主な方法:
- 男性特有の短い核酸配列を用いて,男性を決定する領域を定義した.
- トランスクリプトミクスと進化論の分析に従事した.
- 性別決定因子候補の遺伝子発現と機能を調査した.
主要な成果:
- Y型特異性性性決定剤候補であるOGIを特定し,ディオスピロス種全体に保存された.
- OGIは,オートソームのMeGI遺伝子を標的とする小さなRNAをコードします.
- ホメオドメインの転写因子であるMeGIは,投与量に依存した方法で他の生育を調節し,OGIは,その女性化効果を抑制する.
結論:
- Y染色体でコードされた小さなRNA (OGI) が女性化遺伝子 (MeGI) を抑制することを発見しました.
- このメカニズムは,Diospyros lotusの雄性決定に寄与する.
- 植物における性染色体システムの多様な進化の経路についての洞察を提供します.
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