腸内細菌は,ヒトとマウスのノロウイルスによるB細胞の感染を促進する
Melissa K Jones1, Makiko Watanabe1, Shu Zhu1
1Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Emerging Pathogens Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 8, 2014
まとめ
人間のノロウイルスはB細胞を感染させ,ノロウイルスの細胞トロピズムに関する理解を深める発見である. 腸内細菌は感染を刺激し,これらの一般的なヒトウイルスを研究するための新しいインビトロモデルを可能にします.
科学分野:
- ウイルス学 ウイルス学 ウイルス学
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
背景:
- 人間のノロウイルス細胞トロピズムとインビトロ感染モデルは,十分に理解されていません.
- ノロウイルス菌株に対する感受性は,ヒスト血型抗原 (HBGA) プロファイルと関連しているが,そのメカニズムは不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- ヒトのノロウイルスの細胞標的を特定するために.
- ノロウイルス感染症における腸内細菌の役割を調査する.
- ヒトのノロウイルス感染のための新しいインビトロモデルを開発する.
主な方法:
- ヒトおよびマウスのノロウイルスによるB細胞の感染 in vitro.
- 病原菌のないマウスと抗生物質を投与したマウスのノロウイルス感染の評価.
- ノロウイルス感染症におけるHBGA発現する腸内細菌の必要性の調査.
主要な成果:
- 人間のノロウイルスとマウスのノロウイルスは,B細胞にインビトロおよび潜在的にインビボで感染することが示されました.
- B細胞のヒトノロウイルス感染は,HBGAを発現する腸内細菌の存在を必要とした.
- 抗生物質による腸内微生物群の枯渇は,マウスノロウイルスの複製を vivo で減少させた.
結論:
- B細胞は,ノロウイルス感染の細胞標的として識別されています.
- 腸内細菌は,ノロウイルス感染症の刺激因子として作用します.
- ヒトのノロウイルスに対する新しいインビトロ感染モデルが確立されました.
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