関連する実験動画
Updated: Apr 21, 2026

10:08
Pseudofracture: An Acute Peripheral Tissue Trauma Model
Published on: April 18, 2011
15.3K
トラウマに対する全身免疫反応: 病理生理学と治療の概要
Janet M Lord1, Mark J Midwinter2, Yen-Fu Chen3
1MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|November 13, 2014
まとめ
重度のトラウマを生き延びた人は,全身の炎症による感染症や臓器不全を含む,失血以上のリスクに直面します. 年齢は生存に大きく影響を及ぼし,怪我後の免疫不調に対する新しい治療法が必要になります.
科学分野:
- トラウマ生物学 トラウマ生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- クリティカルケア医療は,重症治療薬です.
背景:
- 出血制御の進歩は,トラウマの生存率を改善します.
- しかし,感染や臓器不全などの非出血の原因は,トラウマによる死亡のほとんどを占めています.
- トラウマは全身の炎症反応を誘発し,逆説的に感染症の感受性を高めます.
研究 の 目的:
- トラウマ後の全身性炎症と多臓器不全の生物学的メカニズムと臨床的影響を調べる.
- トラウマ生存に対する年齢の流行病学的影響を調査する.
- 主要なトラウマ後の免疫不調および免疫低下に対する新興治療法について議論する.
主な方法:
- トラウマに起因する炎症と免疫反応の基礎となる生物学的メカニズムのレビュー.
- 年齢関連のトラウマ生存率に関する疫学データの分析.
- 現在および新興の治療戦略の議論.
主要な成果:
- 重度のトラウマは,多臓器不全につながる炎症のカスケードを開始します.
- 年齢は,怪我の重度に関係なく,トラウマ患者の結果に影響を与える重要な要因です.
- 炎症反応と老化の影響を理解することは,新しい治療法の開発の鍵です.
結論:
- 出血制御の進歩にもかかわらず,トラウマ後の免疫機能の調節不全と感染感受性は,依然として重要な課題です.
- 炎症反応の年齢による差異は,個別の治療法を必要とします.
- 免疫機能不全と闘うためのさらなる研究は,重度のトラウマ患者の治療結果を改善するために不可欠です.
関連する概念動画
Acute Inflammation II: Local and Systemic Effects
7
Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
7
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular
19.7K
The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
19.7K
Inflammatory Response
19.9K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
19.9K
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response
11
Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect...
11
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction
5
Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
5
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
88.7K
Overview
88.7K

