ヒトに対する蚊の好みの進化は,臭い受容体と関連している
Carolyn S McBride1, Felix Baier2, Aman B Omondi3
11] Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA [2] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA.
Nature
|November 14, 2014
まとめ
Aedes aegyptiのような雌蚊は,ヒトの匂いを好むように進化し,病気の伝播を増加させました. このシフトは,家用蚊集団の特定の匂い受容体,AaegOr4と関連しています.
科学分野:
- ベクター媒介疾患の生態学
- 進化遺伝学の進化遺伝学について
- 化学エコロジー 化学エコロジー
背景:
- 雌蚊は,デング熱,黄熱,チクングンヤなどのヒト疾患の重要な媒介者である.
- Aedes aegyptiの"家庭"形態は,動物を標的にする祖先の"森"形態とは異なり,好ましく人間を噛む.
研究 の 目的:
- Aedes aegypti. の国内形態と森林形態の宿主探し行動における進化的分岐を調査する.
- 家庭蚊における人間の匂いを好む傾向の根底にある遺伝的および分子的メカニズムを特定する.
主な方法:
- ケニアからのAedes aegypti形態の家畜と森林の収集と実験室での植民.
- 嗅覚行動分析は,人間と動物の匂いの好みを評価するためのものです.
- 嗅覚受容体の遺伝子発現分析と機能的特徴付け.
主要な成果:
- Aedes aegypti の2つの形態の間では,匂いの好みの顕著な差異が観察されました.
- 嗅覚受容体 AaegOr4 の発現とリガンド感受性の増加は,国内形態で発見されました.
- AaegOr4は,ヒトの嗅覚における重要な化合物の受容体として特定されました.
結論:
- Aedes aegyptiのヒトの嗅覚嗜好の進化は,AegOr4嗅覚受容体の変化と強く関連しています.
- この研究は,ヒト宿主への疾患ベクトルの適応に関する希少な遺伝的洞察を提供します.
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