腎臓移植後のBKウイルス予防のためのレボフロキサシン:ランダム化臨床試験
Greg A Knoll1, Atul Humar2, Dean Fergusson3
1Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada2Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of O.
JAMA
|November 16, 2014
まとめ
レボフロキサシンは,腎臓移植患者のBKウイルス病を予防しませんでした. この抗生物質はまた,耐性感染症と炎のリスクを増加させ,BKウイルス感染症を予防するのに適していないことを示しました.
科学分野:
- ネフロロジーは腎臓科です.
- ウイルス学 ウイルス学 ウイルス学
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
背景:
- BKウイルスの感染は,腎臓移植後の主要な合併症であり,高い移植不全率につながります.
- 現在の管理戦略では,BKウイルス感染症に対する予防的または治療的選択肢が欠如しています.
- キノロン抗生物質は,BKウイルスに対するインビトロ抗ウイルス活性を示しているが,予防のための臨床的有効性は未実証のままである.
研究 の 目的:
- 腎臓移植を受けた患者のBKウイルス病予防におけるレボフロクサシンの有効性を評価する.
- BKウィレミア,拒絶,移植生存率を含む二次的なアウトカムに対するレボフロクサシンの影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 154人の腎臓移植受験者を対象に,ダブルブラインド,プラセボ対照ランダム化試験を実施した.
- 参加者はレボフロクサシン (500 mg/d) の3ヶ月のコースまたはプラセボを受け,移植後5日以内に開始しました.
- 主なエンドポイントは,1年以内に定量的リアルタイムPCRによるBKウイルリア検出までの時間でした.
主要な成果:
- レボフロクサシン (29%) とプラセボ (33.3%) グループ (HR,0.91;P=.58) の間で,BKウイルス病発生の有意な違いは観察されなかった.
- BKウイルス病とアロ移植生存率を含む二次的アウトカムも,グループによって有意に異なるものではありませんでした.
- レボフロクサシン群では,耐性感染症の発生率が高かった (58.3% vs 33.3%) と,炎の増加傾向があった (7.9% vs 1.3%).
結論:
- 3ヶ月のレボフロクサシン治療の早期開始は,腎臓移植を受けた患者のBKウイルス病を予防しません.
- レボフロキサシンの使用は,細菌耐性および潜在的な炎を含む有害事象のリスクの増加と関連していました.
- これらの発見は,移植後のBKウイルス感染症の予防のためにレボフロクサシンの使用を支持しません.
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