耕作地の生産性の向上による大気中のCO2の季節性に対する人間の直接的な影響
Josh M Gray1, Steve Frolking2, Eric A Kort3
1Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, Boston, Massachussetts 02215, USA.
Nature
|November 21, 2014
まとめ
農業の成長は大気中の二酸化炭素 (CO2) の季節性に大きな影響を与えます. 農作物の生産,特にトウモロコシの生産の増加は,北半球における季節的なCO2の幅の上昇の大部分を説明します.
科学分野:
- 大気科学 大気科学
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 農業科学 農業科学とは
背景:
- 北半球における大気中の二酸化炭素 (CO2) の季節的な振幅は,過去50年間で50%増加した.
- この上昇は, fotosynthesisの強化や植物のシフトのような生態系の変化に関連しています.
- CO2の季節性変化の正確な原因は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 変化する大気中のCO2の季節性における農業生産性の役割を調査する.
- CO2の季節的な振幅の変化に対する作物生産の増加の寄与を定量化するために.
主な方法:
- 生産統計と炭素会計モデルを使用した.
- 北半球の外熱帯農業の1961年から2008年のデータを分析した.
- 主要な作物であるトウモロコシ,小麦,米,大豆に焦点を当てた.
主要な成果:
- 農業生産性の増加は,大気中のCO2の季節性における観測された変化の25%までを占めています.
- 1961年から2008年にかけて,熱帯外のトウモロコシ,小麦,米,大豆の生産は240%増加しました.
- これにより,成長期の農地による純炭素吸収が0.33ペタグラム増加しました.
- トウモロコシの生産は,米国中西部と中国北部での生産の強化により,最大の貢献者でした.
結論:
- 農業生産性の向上は,大気中のCO2の季節性の重要な,しばしば見過ごされる要因です.
- 特にトウモロコシの集約型農業は,世界の炭素循環に重大な影響を及ぼしています.
- 農業生産が二酸化炭素の季節性に影響する総影響は,現在の推定を上回る可能性があります.
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