微生物群の昼間振動のトランスキングダム制御は,代謝的恒常性を促進する
Christoph A Thaiss1, David Zeevi2, Maayan Levy1
1Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Cell
|November 24, 2014
まとめ
腸内微生物群は宿主の栄養リズムと同期し,日々の変化を示しています. これらのリズムを妨害すると,ディスバイオシスが起こり,肥満やグルコース不耐性などの代謝問題が生じます.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- クロノバイオロジーはクロノバイオロジーを用います.
- メタボリック・ヘルス (代謝の健康)
背景:
- 分子時計は,すべての生命体の昼間のリズムを調節する.
- 混合生態系におけるプロカリオットとユーカリオットの昼夜リズムの交差調節は不明である.
- 腸内微生物群の昼間振動とその調節は完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 腸内微生物群の昼間振動を調査する.
- ホストの昼夜リズムと栄養パターンが微生物群に与える影響を判断する.
- 微生物群のディスバイオシス,日中活動障害,代謝障害との関連を解明する.
主な方法:
- マウスとヒトの腸内微生物群の昼間の変化を研究した.
- ホストの分子時計の部品を操作し,ジェットラグを誘発した.
- 微生物群の構成,機能,宿主の代謝パラメータ (グルコース不耐性,肥満) を評価する.
- 細菌のないマウスの糞便微生物群移植を活用した.
主要な成果:
- 腸内微生物群は,食事リズムの影響を受けた昼間振動を示します.
- ホストの昼間の干渉 (ジェットラグ,クロック遺伝子アブレーション) は,微生物群の昼間のパターンを変化させ,ディスバイオシスを引き起こします.
- ジェットラグが誘発するディスバイオシスは,グルコース不耐症と肥満を促進します.
- メタボリック障害は,糞便の微生物群移植によって移転可能である.
結論:
- メタオーガニズムは,宿主と微生物群の間の調整された昼間リズムを示します.
- 異常な昼間リズムが微生物群の昼間パターンを乱し,代謝疾患に寄与する.
- 微生物群に依存するメカニズムは,昼夜活動障害を一般的な代謝障害と結びつける.
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