コグニティブ心理学. 大統領を忘れる
1Department of Psychology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA. roediger@wustl.edu.
まとめ
米国の大統領は,予測可能な線形速度で集団記憶の中で忘れられています. この研究は,歴史上の人物が時間の経過とともに公衆の記憶から消える様子を経験的に示しています.
科学分野:
- 認知心理学とは,認知心理学である.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学とは
- 歴史的記憶の研究 歴史的記憶の研究
背景:
- 集団記憶は,歴史的人物に対する社会的理解に影響を与えます.
- 以前の研究では,個々の記憶の忘却曲線を調査しましたが,歴史人物の集団的な忘却についてはあまり知られていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国大統領を集団記憶から忘却する過程を実証的に調査する.
- 公共の記憶に歴史的な数字が消える速度をモデル化するために.
- 最近の大統領が,あまり有名でない歴史人物と同程度に記憶される時期を予測する.
主な方法:
- 1974年,1991年,2009年の大学生 (N=415) と2014年の成人 (N=497) を対象とした2つの研究.
- 参加者は,アメリカ合衆国大統領とその順位を思い出しました.
- 記憶の衰えをモデル化するために,忘却機能がリコールデータに組み込まれました.
主要な成果:
- 一貫した,ほぼ線形的な忘却パターンは,現在の大統領に先立つ大統領に観察されました.
- 順位を考慮しないリコールも,定期的な忘却パターンを示した.
- 忘却関数は,最近の大統領が特定の将来の日付で過去の大統領のレベルまで忘れられることを予測します.
結論:
- 集団記憶からの忘却は,経験的に研究できる量化可能な現象です.
- この発見は,公衆の意識における歴史的知識の衰退を理解するためのモデルを提供します.
- この研究は,公共人物についての社会的記憶が時間とともにどのように進化するかを理解するのに寄与します.
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