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高齢者の平均寿命が国際的に増加する原因
Colin D Mathers1, Gretchen A Stevens1, Ties Boerma1
1Department of Health Statistics and Information Systems, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Lancet (London, England)
|December 4, 2014
まとめ
高所得国では60歳での平均寿命が上昇しており,その要因は,心血管疾患による死亡率の低下と,男性ではタバコの使用率の低下である. 高齢者死亡率の改善は減速していないし,長寿の限界を示す証拠はない.
科学分野:
- デモグラフィー デモグラフィー 人口統計
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- ゲロントロジーはゲロントロジーの学科です.
背景:
- 60歳での平均寿命は,高所得国において,ここ数十年で増加しています.
- この増加は,主にタバコの使用率 (男性) と心血管疾患による死亡率 (両性) の減少に起因する.
- 予防可能な男性死亡率は,1980年以来,高所得国において減少しており,その主な原因は,心臓血管疾患による死亡が減少したためです.
研究 の 目的:
- 60歳以上の平均寿命と死亡率の傾向を分析する.
- 平均寿命の変化に寄与する重要な要因を特定する.
- 高齢者死亡率の改善が減速しているか,限界に近づいているかどうかを評価する.
主な方法:
- 60歳における死亡率データと平均寿命の動向の分析.
- 異なる地域と性別における死亡率の変化の比較.
- 予防可能な死亡率,特に心血管疾患と喫煙の傾向の調査.
主要な成果:
- 高所得国では60歳での平均寿命が上昇しており,これは心臓血管疾患による死亡率の低下と男性喫煙との関連がある.
- 予防可能な男性死亡率は,心臓血管疾患による死亡が少なくなったため,高所得国では減少した.
- ラテンアメリカ,カリブ海,ヨーロッパ,中央アジア (男性),および世界的に女性の場合,避けられる死亡率は1980年以来停滞または増加しています.
結論:
- 高齢者の平均寿命の改善は継続しており,減速の兆しはありません.
- 現在,高齢者の死亡率が人間の最大寿命に向かって圧縮されていることを示唆する証拠はありません.
- 死亡率の傾向における地域的および性別による格差は依然として存在し,公衆衛生介入の分野を強調しています.
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