父親の食事は子孫の染色体状態と世代間の肥満を決定する
Anita Öst1, Adelheid Lempradl2, Eduard Casas3
1Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Stuebeweg 51, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, 58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
Cell
|December 7, 2014
まとめ
父の砂糖摂取は,世代間代謝再プログラム (IGMR) による子孫の肥満を引き起こす可能性があります. これは,精子の表遺伝的変化によって発生し,子孫に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学とエピジェネティクス
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
- メタボリック疾患の研究
背景:
- 増加する世界的な肥満率は,遺伝的および表遺伝的要因を理解することを必要としています.
- 世代間代謝再プログラム (IGMR) は,研究の重要な分野である.
- 子孫の健康に対する父親の食事の影響は,ますます認識されています.
研究 の 目的:
- パターン・ダイエット誘発型IGMRのドロソフィラモデルを確立する.
- 子孫におけるIGMRのエンコーディングに関与する遺伝子を特定する.
- 父親の食事と子孫の肥満を結びつけるエピジェネティックメカニズムを調査する.
主な方法:
- ドロソフィラ・メラノガスターのモデルシステムを利用した.
- 短期的な父親の食事介入 (砂糖) を投与した.
- 精子と子孫の胚エピジェネティクス (H3K9/K27me3) と遺伝子発現を分析した.
主要な成果:
- わずか2日間の父親の砂糖食は,子孫に肥満を引き起こしました.
- 父の砂糖は,精子と胚のクロマチンのドメインを静止し,バリエーションの生理学的抑制剤として作用した.
- 代謝遺伝子のH3K9/K27me3依存型再プログラムが,生殖線と生殖細胞の段階で確認されました.
- 肥満の感受性およびフェノタイプ変異に関するマウスとヒトの潜在的類似性を観察した.
結論:
- 父親の食事は,世代を超えて子孫の代謝をエピジェネティックに再プログラムすることができます.
- 特定のヒストン変異 (H3K9/K27me3) は,IGMRにおいて極めて重要です.
- この発見は,種間のIGMRの保存メカニズムを示唆し,進化的および現象的変異に影響を与えています.
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