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Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

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The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
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RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Overview
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Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
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Overview of Exosomes

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Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Quantitative Approaches for Scoring in vivo Neuronal Aggregate and Organelle Extrusion in Large Exopher Vesicles in C. elegans
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マイクロエクソンが大きくなる.

Li Yang1, Ling-Ling Chen2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.

Cell
|December 20, 2014
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

分析ではしばしば見逃されている何百ものマイクロエクソンが特定されています. 代替のスプライシングはRNA結合タンパク質によって調節され,神経生成に影響を与え,自閉症スペクトラム障害と関連している.

さらに関連する動画

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
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Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes
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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Quantitative Approaches for Scoring in vivo Neuronal Aggregate and Organelle Extrusion in Large Exopher Vesicles in C. elegans
09:06

Quantitative Approaches for Scoring in vivo Neuronal Aggregate and Organelle Extrusion in Large Exopher Vesicles in C. elegans

Published on: September 18, 2020

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An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
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An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

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Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes
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科学分野:

  • ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • 神経科学は神経科学である.

背景:

  • マイクロエクソンとは,トランスクリプトームの研究でしばしば見過ごされる短いエクソンである.
  • 最近の研究では,それらの有意な存在と機能的関連性が強調されています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 新しいマイクロエクソンを特定し,特徴づけること.
  • ニューロゲネシスにおけるマイクロエクソンの規制メカニズムと機能的影響を調査する.
  • マイクロエクソン誤調と自閉症スペクトル障害の関連性を探求する.

主な方法:

  • RNAシーケンシングを用いたトランスクリプトーム分析.
  • マイクロエクソンの生物情報識別.
  • 代替スプライシングイベントの実験的検証.
  • ニューロンモデルでの機能研究.

主要な成果:

  • 以前は特徴づけられていなかった何百ものマイクロエクソンが特定されました.
  • 特定のマイクロエクソンの代替スプライシングがニューロンRNA結合タンパク質によって調節されていることを実証.
  • これらのマイクロエクソンが,神経生成におけるタンパク質機能を調節する証拠である.
  • マイクロエクソン誤調節と自閉症スペクトル障害の関連.

結論:

  • マイクロエクソンは,トランスクリプトームの重要で過小評価されている構成要素を表しています.
  • 制御された代替スプライシングは,神経細胞の発達において重要な役割を果たします.
  • マイクロエクソンの調節不全は,自閉症スペクトル障害の病理生理学に関連しています.