太陽の内部温度での鉄の不透明性の予測より高い測定結果
J E Bailey1, T Nagayama1, G P Loisel1
1Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1196, USA.
Nature
|January 6, 2015
まとめ
新しい実験室測定では,鉄の不透明度が太陽の内部条件下で予測されたより大幅に高いことが明らかになりました. この発見は,太陽モデルと太陽地震観測の不一致を解明し,恒星構造の理解を深めるのに役立ちます.
科学分野:
- プラズマ物理学 プラズマ物理学
- 星の天体物理学 星の天体物理学
- 原子物理 原子物理学
背景:
- 恒星の内部温度プロファイルは,放射線吸収 (不透明性) によって制御されます.
- 以前の不透明度測定は,実際の恒星の内部条件下では行われていなかったため,恒星モデルの不確実性が生じた.
- 改訂された太陽元素の豊富さは,ヘリオシズミックデータと矛盾しており,より高い内部不透明性の必要性を示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 太陽の放射線/コンベクションゾーン境界を模倣した条件で鉄の不透明性を実験的に測定する.
- 標準的な太陽モデルとヘリオ地震観測の間の不一致に対処するために.
- 太陽光モデルの不確実性を解決する際に鉄の不透明性の役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- 波長で解明された鉄の不透明性の実験室での測定を行った.
- 電子温度の1.9-2.3百万Kと電子密度の (0.7-4.0) × 10^22cm−3.3) の太陽内部条件をシミュレートした.
- 太陽放射線/コンベクションゾーン境界に係る条件に焦点を当てた.
主要な成果:
- 測定された波長に依存する鉄の不透明度は,理論的な予測よりも30~400%高い.
- これらの結果は,鉄が全体的な不透明性の不一致に大きく寄与していることを示しています.
- 測定された増加は,太陽モデルと太陽地震学を調和させるために必要な平均不透明性の変化の約半分を占めています.
結論:
- 実験的な鉄の不透明度測定は,恒星モデルを改良するために重要なデータを提供します.
- 予想よりも高い鉄の不透明性は,太陽光モデリングの不一致に対する部分的な解決策を提供します.
- 太陽内部の不確実性を完全に解決するために,他の元素のさらなる不透明度測定が必要です.
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