医学研究の解剖学:米国と国際の比較
Hamilton Moses1, David H M Matheson2, Sarah Cairns-Smith2
1The Alerion Institute and Alerion Advisors LLC, North Garden, Virginia2Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
JAMA
|January 14, 2015
まとめ
米国における医療研究資金の成長は,業界が焦点が移り,世界的な競争が激化しているため,減速している. 科学的発見を実現し,医療の提供を改善するために,投資を増やすことが不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 健康経済学とは
- 生物医学研究政策について
- イノベーション研究とは,イノベーションに関する研究です.
背景:
- 医療研究は臨床的進歩を促し,医療サービスの研究は医療の提供,アクセス,コストを向上させる.
- 米国の研究投資と成果を他の先進国と比較して比較的に分析した研究はほとんどありません.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国における健康研究における公的・私的投資と人材の総額を定量化する.
- 特許,出版物,医薬品/デバイスの承認,価値創造を含む経済成果を評価する.
主な方法:
- 1994年から2012年にかけての米国と国際の研究資金,生産性,疾病負担に関する公開されているデータをまとめました.
- 引用率とインパクトファクターを用いて,特許と出版データ (1981年−2011年) を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 米国科学投資の成長は2004年以降大幅に減速し,民間資金は増加した. 産業はデバイスや後期試験に転換し,NIHの資金は疾患負担と不完全な相関を示した.
- 医療費の0.3%が不足しており,民間保険会社や医療制度は革新にほとんど投資していない.
- 世界的な研究資金の米国比率は減少し,アジア (特に中国) は投資を増やした. 生命科学の特許における米国のリーダーシップも低下した.
結論:
- 発見の臨床的価値を認識し,ケアを改善するには,新しい投資戦略が必要です.
- 潜在的な資金源には,外国資本の帰還,イノベーション債券,行政貯蓄,特許プール,公私パートナーシップなどがあります.
- 戦略的対策がなければ,米国は今後10年以内に健康研究における世界のリーダー地位を失う危険性があります.
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