海洋の荒廃:地球規模の海洋で動物が失われている
Douglas J McCauley1, Malin L Pinsky2, Stephen R Palumbi3
1Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. douglas.mccauley@lifesci.ucsb.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 17, 2015
まとめ
人為的な海洋動物喪失は,人間の活動が増加しているため,加速しています. 緊急で積極的な管理は,陸上の危機に匹敵する海洋絶滅の危機を防ぐために不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 海洋生物学と生態学 海洋生物学と生態学
- 保護科学 保護科学 保護科学
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
背景:
- マリン・デファウネーション (海洋における人間による動物喪失) は,最近の現象だが,急速に拡大している.
- 地球規模での海洋絶滅は稀ですが,人間の活動が海洋野生生物と生態系機能に大きく影響しています.
- 陸上生物の絶滅は,海洋野生生物の損失を理解し,軽減するための教訓を提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- 海洋破壊の現在の傾向と将来の軌道を分析する.
- 野生生物の減少を加速させる海洋の産業化人間の使用の役割を強調する.
- 保護区以外での積極的な管理戦略の必要性を強調する.
主な方法:
- 現在の海洋の動向と,陸上における過去の海面破壊パターンの分析.
- 海洋野生生物と生態系サービスに対する人間の影響の評価.
- 保護区および生息地の保全を含む管理ツールの評価.
主要な成果:
- 海洋破壊の割合は,海洋産業化とともに著しく増加すると予測されています.
- 生息地の劣化は,海洋野生生物の損失の主な要因として浮上しています.
- 保護区は価値がありますが,それだけでは,土地の荒廃と闘うには不十分です.
結論:
- 大規模な海洋破壊の危機を回避するには,即時かつ積極的な介入が不可欠です.
- 気候変動と生息地の保護を考慮した統合管理戦略が必要である.
- 海洋破壊の防止は,海洋の健康とサービスの維持に不可欠です.
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