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クロルヘキシジン入浴と医療関連感染症:ランダム化臨床試験
Michael J Noto1, Henry J Domenico2, Daniel W Byrne2
1Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
JAMA
|January 21, 2015
まとめ
集中治療室でのクロルヘキシジンによる毎日の入浴は,医療関連感染症を有意に減少させなかった. この研究は,CLABSI,CAUTI,VAP,またはC. difficile.などの感染症を予防する上で,現在の慣行が効果的ではないかもしれないことを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- クリティカルケア・メディシン
- 抗菌薬の管理について
背景:
- クロルヘキシジンで毎日入浴することは,医療関連感染症 (HAI) を予防するために,集中治療室 (ICU) での一般的な慣行です.
- 深刻な病気の集団におけるその有効性を支持する証拠は,依然として議論の余地があります.
- この研究は,クロルヘキシジン入浴がHAI率に与える影響を厳密に評価することを目的とした.
研究 の 目的:
- 2%のクロルヘキシジンで毎日入浴することで,重症患者のHAIの発症率が低下するかどうかを判断する.
- 中枢経路関連血流感染症 (CLABSI),カテーテル関連尿路感染症 (CAUTI),換気器関連肺炎 (VAP),クロストリジウム・ディフィシル感染症を含む特定の感染症に対する効果を評価する.
主な方法:
- プラグマティック・クラスター・ランダム化クロスオーバー試験で,5つのICUで9340人の患者が参加した.
- ユニットは,毎日のクロルヘキシジン入浴とコントロール (非抗菌性布) を交互に10週間の間隔で,2週間の洗浄間隔で洗いました.
- 主なアウトカムは,CLABSI,CAUTI,VAP,C. difficile感染症の複合体でした.
主要な成果:
- 主要複合アウトカムの発生率は,クロルヘキシジン (2.86/1000患者日) と対照 (2.90/1000患者日) の入浴期間 (P=.95) の間で類似していました.
- 多剤耐性生物感染症を含む特定のHAIまたは二次的なアウトカムにおいて,有意な減少は観察されなかった.
- 個々のICU内のサブグループ分析も,有意な違いを示さなかった.
結論:
- クロルヘキシジンによる毎日の入浴は,重症患者の主要なヘルスケア関連感染症の発生率を効果的に低下させませんでした.
- これらの発見は,この患者集団におけるHAI予防のためにクロルヘキシジン入浴を日常的に使用することを支持しません.
- ICUでのHAI予防のための代替的または補助的な戦略を探るため,さらなる研究が必要になる可能性があります.
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