麻疹,疹,赤血球のワクチン接種が,小児における脳炎のパターンに与える影響
1Children's Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Lancet (London, England)
|January 7, 1989
まとめ
小児脳炎の症例は,麻疹,疹,赤血球ワクチンの接種後に減少しました. しかし,深刻なアウトカムが持続し,Mycoplasma pneumoniaeのような治療可能な感染症の迅速な治療の必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 小児科は小児科です.
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 脳炎は,子供の重篤な神経疾患である.
- 原因要因と結果を理解することは,効果的な管理に不可欠です.
- 幼児期の脳炎の発生率と病因学的傾向は,時間とともに進化してきました.
研究 の 目的:
- 20年間の子供の脳炎の発生率,病因,結果を分析する.
- 麻疹,炎,赤毛 (MPR) ワクチン接種プログラムが脳炎の傾向に与える影響を評価する.
- 小児脳炎における不良結果の危険因子を特定する.
主な方法:
- 1974年から1993年の間に治療された462例の小児脳炎症例を遡及的に分析した.
- 患者の人口統計,病原体,治療,結果に関するデータ収集.
- 発生率計算とトレンド分析.
主要な成果:
- 脳の炎症の発生率は,子供の年10万人に19.8から2.5に減少した.
- マンプス,麻疹,水ウイルス,Mycoplasma pneumoniaeが初期的な一般的な原因でした.
- MPRワクチン接種後,麻疹とうんざり関連脳炎は消滅し,水,M. pneumoniae,および腸ウイルスがより一般的になった.
- 死亡率は3%で,重度の障害は7%で,多発性感染症,ヘルペス・シンプレックスウイルス,サイトメガロウイルス,またはM.pneumoniaeに関連した悪い結果でした.
- 症例総数の減少は,重度のアウトカムの減少と相関していません.
結論:
- MPRワクチン接種プログラムは,ワクチン接種で予防可能な疾患による脳炎の発生率を大幅に減少させました.
- 全体的に発生率が低下しているにもかかわらず,重度のアウトカムが依然として懸念事項であり,迅速な診断と治療の必要性を強調しています.
- マイコプラズマ肺炎および特定のウイルス感染症 (例えばヘルペスウイルス) は,予後不良のため,緊急の注意が必要です.
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