ネズミとドロソフィラのホメオボックス遺伝子複合体は,組織と発現の共通の特徴を持っています
A Graham1, N Papalopulu, R Krumlauf
1Division of Eucaryotic Molecular Genetics, National Institute for Medical Research, London, England.
Cell
|May 5, 1989
まとめ
マウスホックス-2遺伝子は,ドロソフィラを反映した胚の空間表現パターンを示しています. これらの発見は,脊椎動物や節足類におけるホックス遺伝子複合体の保存メカニズムと共通の祖先を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- ホメオボックス (ホックス) 遺伝子は胚の発達に不可欠であり,ボディプランの形成を制御します.
- マウスのホックス-2複合体は,前後パターンを調節するいくつかの遺伝子群の1つである.
- ホックス遺伝子の発現と進化を理解することは,保存された発達経路の洞察を提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- マウス胚における7つのホックス-2複合遺伝子の空間表現パターンを調査する.
- マウスのホックス-2複合体の組織と発現をドロソフィラのホメオティック遺伝子と比較する.
- 脊椎動物と節足類におけるホックス遺伝子複合体の進化的起源を探求する.
主な方法:
- マウス胚の遺伝子発現を分析するために,in situハイブリダイゼーションを用いた.
- マウスホックス-2遺伝子と他のホメオボックス遺伝子との配列比較が行われました.
- 分析は,クラスター内の遺伝子位置と,前後軸に沿った発現ドメインに焦点を当てました.
主要な成果:
- Hox-2遺伝子は,中枢神経系,外周神経系,および内皮系派生体において差異的な発現を示した.
- 遺伝子発現の境界線は,Hox-2クラスターに沿って前方に漸進的にシフトし,前後位置情報と相関した.
- 配列と発現パターンの比較により,マウスホックス-2遺伝子とドロソフィラのホメオティック遺伝子との明確な関係が明らかになった.
結論:
- Hox-2遺伝子のクラスター内の位置が,胚軸に沿った発現領域を決定する.
- ホックス遺伝子複合体の保存された組織と機能は,共通の進化的起源を示唆しています.
- これらの発見は,ホックス複合体は,節足類と脊椎動物の分岐前に共通の祖先の遺伝子から進化したという仮説を支持する.
関連する概念動画
Position-effect Variegation
7.0K
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
7.0K
Polytene Chromosomes
10.8K
Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...
10.8K
Combinatorial Gene Control
9.5K
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
9.5K
Organization of Genes
73.0K
Overview
73.0K
Master Transcription Regulators
7.7K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
7.7K
The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes
9.4K
In most organisms, sex is determined by the ratio of X and Y chromosomes. However, in some organisms, such as Drosophila and C.elegans, sex is determined by the ratio of the number of X chromosomes to the number of sets of autosomes. The Y chromosome in Drosophila is active but does not determine sex. It contains genes responsible for the production of sperms in adult flies.
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female...
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female...
9.4K


