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Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

84.4K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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27.8K
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

8.0K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
8.0K
General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

7.8K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

2.3K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
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RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

11.5K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Epigenetic Regulation of Cardiac Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells and Tissues
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Epigenetic Regulation of Cardiac Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells and Tissues

Published on: June 3, 2016

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人間のES細胞の分化過程における転写因子結合ダイナミクス

Alexander M Tsankov1, Hongcang Gu2, Veronika Akopian3

  • 11] Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA [3] Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.

Nature
|February 20, 2015
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者らは,ヒト胚性幹細胞の微分化過程における転写因子結合と表遺伝子のデータを分析した. 彼らは,DNAメチル化と転写因子結合の文脈依存的な再配線が,細胞運命を決定する上で極めて重要なことを発見した.

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Prediction and Validation of Gene Regulatory Elements Activated During Retinoic Acid Induced Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation
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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation from Human Embryonic Stem Cells

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関連する実験動画

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Epigenetic Regulation of Cardiac Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells and Tissues
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Epigenetic Regulation of Cardiac Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells and Tissues

Published on: June 3, 2016

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Prediction and Validation of Gene Regulatory Elements Activated During Retinoic Acid Induced Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation
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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
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科学分野:

  • 発達生物学 発達生物学について
  • 幹細胞生物学 幹細胞生物学
  • エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス

背景:

  • 多能幹細胞 (PSC) は,哺乳類の発達を研究するために不可欠なモデルです.
  • 細胞の運命の変化を理解するには,分化中の分子ダイナミクスを解剖する必要があります.

研究 の 目的:

  • ゲノム全体の転写因子結合データをエピゲノムおよび転写データと統合する.
  • 人間の胚性幹細胞の3つの生殖層への分化を分析する.
  • コアレギュレータのダイナミクスと,系統特有の転写因子行動を示すために.

主な方法:

  • 38の転写因子に関する全ゲノム結合データの統合分析.
  • 総合的なエピゲノムと転写プロファイリング.
  • ヒトの胚性幹細胞のエクトダーム,メソダーム,エンドダームに分解を研究する.

主要な成果:

  • 細菌層の仕様を統制する主要な規制ダイナミクスを特定した.
  • 重要な転写因子に対する系統特有の結合パターンを実証した.
  • 微生物層における差異的なDNAメチル化に関連した転写因子結合を観察した.
  • 転写因子結合の文脈依存的な再配線とエピゲノム改変を発見した.

結論:

  • 転写因子結合と表遺伝子組み換えは,ヒト胚性幹細胞の分化中に動的に調節されます.
  • DNAメチル化の変化は,転写因子結合と生殖層の特異化に関連しています.
  • この研究は,細胞運命を決定する分子機構の洞察を提供します.