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Obesity01:24

Obesity

1.6K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
1.6K
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II01:18

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II

2.3K
The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results...
2.3K
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I01:25

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I

3.1K
A model is a theoretical way to understand a concept or an idea. Models can overcome barriers to health regardless of diverse economic and cultural backgrounds. In addition, models make the task easier by providing different ways to approach complex issues. There are two major health promotion models: the health belief model and the health promotion model.
The health belief model (HBM) attempts to predict health-related behavior in specific belief patterns. According to the HBM, a person's...
3.1K
Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

16.0K
Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
16.0K
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

8.7K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
8.7K
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

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Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
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肥満予防における不完全な進展:新興事例,根付いた障壁,新しい考え方

Christina A Roberto1, Boyd Swinburn2, Corinna Hawkes3

  • 1Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.

Lancet (London, England)
|February 24, 2015
PubMed
まとめ

どの国も肥満の流行を逆転させることができていない. 肥満の複雑な要因に対処するために,環境と個人の相互作用に焦点を当てて,不健康な食物サイクルを断ち切るため,緊急の多方関係者の行動が必要である.

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科学分野:

  • 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
  • エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
  • 行動科学は,行動科学である.

背景:

  • 肥満の流行率は,世界的に高いままですが,流行を逆転させるのに限られた成功があります.
  • 現在のアプローチは,二分論的な考え方を用いて,複雑な肥満の要因を過度に単純化することが多い.

研究 の 目的:

  • 肥満に対処する世界的な規制および非規制行動をレビューする.
  • 肥満との闘いにおける進歩が限られている理由を分析する.
  • 肥満論における単純化した二分論に異議を唱え,再定義された理解を提案する.

主な方法:

  • 世界的な肥満制御戦略のレビュー.
  • 肥満に関する研究と政策における一般的な二分論 (例えば,個人と環境,規制と自己規制) の分析.
  • 環境と個人の間の相互作用として,肥満の概念的再構成.

主要な成果:

  • 様々な介入にもかかわらず,どの国も肥満の流行を成功裏に逆転させることができませんでした.
  • 進歩は稀で一貫性がないが,しばしば過度に単純化された議論が原因である.
  • 環境要因は,個人の選択に大きく影響し,不健康な食事のサイクルを生み出します.

結論:

  • 政府や利害関係者からの緊急で調整された行動が不可欠です.
  • 個体と食物環境の相互関係を強調する再定義された理解が必要である.
  • 悪循環を断ち切るには,規制措置と,産業と市民社会の協調的な努力が必要です.