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運動計画と運動のためのモーター皮質回路
Nuo Li1, Tsai-Wen Chen1, Zengcai V Guo1
1Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA.
Nature
|March 4, 2015
まとめ
研究者らは,運動皮質の活動が,どのように動きの命令に変換されるかを明らかにした. 脳の幹に投影する特定の層5のニューロンは,運動計画の遅い段階で対側バイアスを発達させ,階層的な皮質回路変換を明らかにします.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- モーター・コントロール・コントロール
- コルティカル・サーキット
背景:
- 運動皮質の活動は,自発的な動きの前に起こりますが,準備信号を行動に変換する上で,その正確な役割は不明です.
- この変換を理解することは,モーター計画と制御メカニズムの解読に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 準備運動皮質の活動を特定の運動命令に変換する神経メカニズムを調査する.
- 分散したニューラル表現がどのようにバイアスなモーター出力に変換されるかを解明する.
主な方法:
- 細胞タイプ特有の電気生理学とマウスの細胞画像を用いた.
- 運動計画中に神経活動を操作するために,光遺伝学的な混乱を働かせた.
- 前側運動皮質領域に焦点を当て,前運動皮質の潜在的な同類である.
主要な成果:
- 皮質内を投影する5層ニューロンは,予測活動において偏りのない横行性を示した.
- 反対側の集団バイアスは,特に脳幹に投影する5層の神経細胞で発生した.
- このコントララテラルバイアスは,移動計画段階の後半に発達した.
結論:
- この研究は,モーター皮質内の準備活動の階層的な変換を明らかにしています.
- 運動指令横行性は,下皮質のターゲットに投影する5層の神経細胞の特定の亜集団から生じる.
- これは,分散したニューラル情報が,方向化されたモーター出力にどのように精製されるかについての洞察を提供します.
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