良性甲状腺結節の自然史について
Cosimo Durante1, Giuseppe Costante2, Giuseppe Lucisano3
1Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Università di Roma Sapienza, Roma, Italy.
JAMA
|March 4, 2015
まとめ
ほとんどの良性甲状腺結節は5年以内に大きく成長せず,甲状腺癌はまれである. これは,無症状の甲状腺結節に対する現在のフォローアップガイドラインが改訂を必要とする可能性があることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- エンドクリノロジー エンドクリノロジー
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- 放射線学 放射線学
背景:
- 無症状の甲状腺結節の検出の増加は,明確なフォローアッププロトコルを必要とします.
- 現在のガイドラインでは,増殖している良性甲状腺結節に対して,連続超音波と細胞学的再評価を推奨しています.
- 良性甲状腺結節の最適な管理戦略については,コンセンサスがない.
研究 の 目的:
- 良性甲状腺結節のサイズ変化の頻度,大きさ,および予測要因を調査する.
- 無症状,超音波または細胞学的に良性である甲状腺結節の長期的な行動を評価するために.
- 甲状腺結節の現在のフォローアップガイドラインの潜在的な改訂を参考にするために.
主な方法:
- 992人の良性甲状腺結節の患者さんを対象とした前向きな多センター観察研究です.
- 甲状腺の超音波検査を5年にわたって毎年行い,結節の成長 (≥20%の2つの直径の増加,最低2mm) を評価する.
- 結節の成長,新しい結節の形成,甲状腺がんの診断に関連する要因の分析.
主要な成果:
- 結節の成長は,患者の15.4%で発生し,結節の11.1%が5年以上にわたって有意なサイズ増加を示しました.
- 成長に関連する要因には,複数の結節,より大きなベースライン容量 (>0.2mL),および男性性別が含まれています.
- 甲状腺がんは,ノドルの0.3%で診断され,患者の18.5%で自発的な収縮が起こりました.
結論:
- 大半の良性甲状腺結節は,5年間の追跡期間で有意な成長を示さない.
- 甲状腺癌は,無症状で良性な甲状腺結節を有する患者のまれな結果です.
- 発見は,無症状の甲状腺結節に対する現在のフォローアップ勧告を再評価することを支持しています.
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