人間の免疫システムの遺伝的構造:自己免疫性および疾患の病原性のための生物資源
Mario Roederer1, Lydia Quaye2, Massimo Mangino3
1ImmunoTechnology Section, Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Cell
|March 17, 2015
まとめ
研究者は,双子の何千もの免疫特性を分析することによって,ヒトの免疫システムに対する遺伝的影響をマッピングしました. この研究は,免疫細胞のサブセットとT細胞を制御する遺伝的位置を特定し,それらを自己免疫疾患と関連付けています.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- システム生物学 システム生物学
背景:
- 免疫ホメオスタシスの遺伝的制御は十分に理解されていません.
- 最近の発見は,遺伝的変異を自己免疫と感染症と結びつけている.
研究 の 目的:
- ホメオスタシス中のヒト免疫システムの遺伝的コントロールを包括的に分析する.
- 免疫特性に関連した遺伝的位置と,その自己免疫疾患との関連を特定する.
主な方法:
- 669人の女性双子の78,000の免疫特性の包括的な免疫フェノタイプ化.
- シングルヌクレオチドポリモルフィズム (SNP) アソシエーションを特定するための全ゲノム関連研究 (GWAS).
- 遺伝性免疫特性の分析 (最大96%の遺伝性).
主要な成果:
- 11の遺伝子位置で297のSNP関連を特定し,19の特徴の変動の36%まで説明しました.
- 調節性T細胞を含むすべての主要な免疫細胞サブセットの正規の特徴との関連性が見つかりました.
- 自己免疫的感受性として知られる局所に関連した免疫特性を明らかにした.
結論:
- 免疫特性の遺伝的コントロールを,自己免疫疾患や感染症に結びつける生物資源を確立した.
- 免疫関連疾患の病因に関するメカニズム的仮説を提供した.
- 潜在的な病気のメカニズムを特定するためのショートカットを提供します.
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