まとめ
融合細胞における筋肉遺伝子の活性化には,特定の表遺伝子の改変が必要である. HeLa細胞を5-アザチチジン (5-アザ-CR) で治療すると,筋肉の遺伝子発現が活性化され,DNAメチル化が示されました.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
- 遺伝子調節 遺伝子調節
背景:
- 線維芽細胞の静かな筋肉遺伝子は,筋肉細胞との融合時に活性化することができます.
- 線維芽細胞におけるこの活性化は,重要なDNA合成や主要なクロマチンの改造を必要としません.
研究 の 目的:
- HeLa細胞と筋肉細胞の融合によって形成されるヘテロカリオンの筋肉遺伝子活性化を調査する.
- 非筋肉細胞における筋肉遺伝子発現のために,表遺伝的修飾,特にDNAメチル化が必要かどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- HeLa細胞と筋肉細胞の融合により,ヘテロカリオンが形成される.
- 融合前にHeLa細胞を5-アザチチジン (5-アザ-CR) で処理する.
- 結果となるヘテロカリオンの筋肉特有の遺伝子発現 (例えば,5.1H11抗原,MM-クレアチンキナーゼ) の分析.
主要な成果:
- 解放されていないHeLa細胞が筋肉細胞と融合したときの筋肉遺伝子活性化は観察されなかった.
- 5-aza-CRで治療されたHeLa細胞と筋肉細胞の融合により,早期および後期の両方の筋肉遺伝子の発現が誘発されました.
- 早期および後期の筋肉遺伝子の発現は,しばしば協調していないので,独立した調節が示唆されます.
結論:
- 5-aza-CRによって誘発されたDNAメチル化の減少を含む可能性が高い表遺伝的変化は,HeLa細胞における筋肉遺伝子発現のために必要である.
- HeLa-筋肉ヘテロカリオンの筋肉遺伝子の活性化は,筋肉細胞からのトランス作用因子とHeLa細胞の許容性表遺伝子の改変に依存しています.
- 筋肉の遺伝子の連続的な発現は,相互依存ではないかもしれません.
関連する概念動画
Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors
Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a DNA...
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a DNA...
Combinatorial Gene Control
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Somatic cells are...
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.


