アマゾンの炭素吸収源の長期的な衰退
R J W Brienen1, O L Phillips1, T R Feldpausch2
1School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
Nature
|March 20, 2015
まとめ
重要な炭素吸収源であるアマゾン熱帯雨林は,炭素蓄積の減少傾向を示しています. 樹木の死亡率の増加と寿命の短縮により,大気中の二酸化炭素を吸収する樹木の能力が低下しています.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 気候科学 気候科学
- 林業 林業 林業 林業 林業
背景:
- 陸上の生態系,特にアマゾンのような熱帯雨林は,世界の重要な炭素吸収源である.
- 変化する気候と大気条件の下で,これらの炭素沈殿体の将来の進化は,依然として不確実です.
研究 の 目的:
- アマゾン熱帯雨林の過去30年にわたる生物質の動態を分析する.
- アマゾンの森林における炭素蓄積の長期的な傾向を評価する.
主な方法:
- データの収集のために321の森林区画の分散ネットワークを使用しました.
- 30年間の成長率と死亡率を含むバイオマス動態を分析した.
主要な成果:
- アマゾンの森林が,長期的なバイオマスの埋蔵源であることを確認した.
- 1990年代と比較して,過去10年間で地上バイオマス蓄積率の3分の1が大幅に減少した.
- バイオマス死亡率を継続的に増加させ,成長率を均等にすることで,炭素の居住時間が短縮される.
結論:
- アマゾンの炭素吸収容量は減少しており,世界の動向とモデル予想とは相違しています.
- 気候の変動性の増加と成長に関連するフィードバックが,木の死亡率を高くし,寿命を短くしている可能性があります.
- この減少は,世界の炭素循環の動態と気候変動緩和の取り組みに重大な影響を及ぼします.
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