惑星の温暖化は,惑星の核の内側への移住を妨げています
Pablo Benítez-Llambay1, Frédéric Masset2, Gloria Koenigsberger2
1IATE, Observatorio Astronómico, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Laprida 854, Córdoba, X5000BGR, Argentina.
Nature
|April 3, 2015
まとめ
地球の5倍の大きさの惑星の胚は,巨大な惑星を形成するためにあまりにも速く内側に移動します. 新しい,新しい,新しい
科学分野:
- 惑星外科学とは,惑星外科学です.
- 天体物理学 天体物理学
- 惑星の形成について
背景:
- 惑星系は,若い恒星の周りのガスと塵の円盤から形成されます.
- 惑星の胚は,物質の蓄積によって成長し,円盤の相互作用により軌道移動を経験します.
- 内部への移住は,数個の地球質量を超えた巨大な惑星を形成する上で重要な課題です.
研究 の 目的:
- 惑星の胚の急速な内側への移住に対抗するメカニズムを調査する.
- 軌道の距離がより広いところでの観測された巨大惑星の有無を説明するために.
- 巨大惑星の発生と恒星の金属性との関連を理解するために.
主な方法:
- 惑星の胚移動の理論的モデリング.
- 蓄積過程と,その結果生じる熱効果の分析.
- "加熱トルク"の概念の紹介と分析.
主要な成果:
- 蓄積によって引き起こされる温度不対称性によって生成される新しい"加熱トルク"は,内側への移住を逆行します.
- このメカニズムにより,より小さな胚は,急速な内側への移住を避け,巨大な惑星に成長することができます.
- このモデルは,さまざまな距離の巨大惑星の形成と惑星-金属性の相関をうまく説明しています.
結論:
- "加熱トルク"は,巨大惑星の形成の重要な要因である.
- この発見は,惑星形成の理論と観測の間の重要な不一致を解決する.
- この発見は,巨大惑星の発生と,恒星の組成との関連について,統一された説明を提供する.
関連する概念動画
01:10Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion
6.2K
In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. He formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe.
Polish astronomer Nikolaus Copernicus put forth a theory that stated a heliocentric model for the solar system. According to this heliocentric theory, all the planets, including Earth, orbit the Sun in circular orbits.
On the other hand,...
Polish astronomer Nikolaus Copernicus put forth a theory that stated a heliocentric model for the solar system. According to this heliocentric theory, all the planets, including Earth, orbit the Sun in circular orbits.
On the other hand,...
6.2K
01:29Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion
5.9K
In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. His first law states that all planets orbit the Sun in an elliptical orbit, with the Sun at one of the ellipse's foci. Therefore, the distance of a planet from the Sun varies throughout its revolution around the Sun.
While in an elliptical orbit, the total energy of the planet is conserved. Therefore, the planet slows down when it is at apogee and...
While in an elliptical orbit, the total energy of the planet is conserved. Therefore, the planet slows down when it is at apogee and...
5.9K
01:18Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion
4.7K
In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. In 1909, he formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe. However, in 1918, he published his third law of planetary motion, which gives a precise mathematical relationship between a planet's average distance from the Sun and the amount of time it takes to revolve around the Sun. It...
4.7K
01:24Acceleration due to Gravity on Other Planets
5.2K
The gravitational acceleration of an object near the Earth's surface is called the acceleration due to gravity. It can be measured by conducting simple experiments on Earth. However, such an experiment is impossible to conduct on the surface of other planets.
Astronomical observations are thus used to measure the acceleration due to gravity on other planets. This can be determined by observing the effect of a planet's gravity on objects close to it. The crucial factor that helps in this...
Astronomical observations are thus used to measure the acceleration due to gravity on other planets. This can be determined by observing the effect of a planet's gravity on objects close to it. The crucial factor that helps in this...
5.2K
01:21Isothermal Processes
5.4K
A thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature is called an isothermal process. Heat slowly flows into the system or out of the system to maintain thermal equilibrium. Processes involving phase changes like water evaporation into steam or freezing water into ice at a constant temperature are examples of Isothermal Processes.
An ideal gas can also undergo isothermal expansion or compression.
For example, consider 1 mole of an ideal gas inside an isolated cylinder at initial volume V...
An ideal gas can also undergo isothermal expansion or compression.
For example, consider 1 mole of an ideal gas inside an isolated cylinder at initial volume V...
5.4K
01:21Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon
3.1K
No object with a finite mass can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. This fact has an interesting consequence in the domain of extremely high gravitational fields.
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape...
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape...
3.1K