軽量駆動型ナトリウム+) ポンプによるナトリウム+) 輸送機構の構造的基礎
Hideaki E Kato1, Keiichi Inoue2, Rei Abe-Yoshizumi3
1Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.
Nature
|April 8, 2015
まとめ
Krokinobacter eikastus rhodopsin 2 (KR2) は,新しいライト駆動ナトリウムポンプである. そのユニークなAsp116ゲーティングメカニズムは,非陽子カチオン輸送を可能にし,光遺伝学のツールを進歩させました.
科学分野:
- バイオフィジックス 生物物理学
- オプトジェネティクス オプトジェネティクス
- 構造生物学 構造生物学とは
背景:
- Krokinobacter eikastus rhodopsin 2 (KR2) は,初めて発見された光駆動のNa(+) ポンプである.
- シフ基質陽子のため,非陽子陽子を輸送するメカニズムは以前は知られていなかった.
- KR2は次世代光遺伝学の有望なツールです.
研究 の 目的:
- KR2におけるNa(+) 輸送の分子メカニズムを解明する.
- 非陽子カチオン輸送を可能にするゲーティングメカニズムを理解する.
- 先進的な光遺傳学的ツールの開発のための枠組みを提供すること.
主な方法:
- 静止状態およびM型状態のKR2構造を決定するためのX線結晶学.
- ゲーティングメカニズムを調査するために,光譜分析を行います.
- 軽量駆動型K ((+)) ポンプの構造ベースの工学.
- ニューロンとネマトードにおける電気生理学的および行動的測定.
主要な成果:
- クリスタル構造は,KR2の静止状態とMのような中間状態を明らかにした.
- Asp116の反転は,シフ基質陽子を隔離する鍵ゲートメカニズムとして特定されました.
- このメカニズムは,イオン伝導経路を通じたNa (((+) 輸送を容易にする.
- エンジニアリングされたK (((+) ポンプと機能分析は,非プロトンカチオン輸送におけるメカニズムの役割を確認しました.
結論:
- KR2のような光駆動型非陽子カチオンポンプの分子基盤が明らかになった.
- Asp116ゲーティングメカニズムは,シフ基質陽子を隔離し,Na (((+) 輸送を可能にするために不可欠です.
- これらの発見は,次世代の光遺傳学的ツールの開発を進めるための基盤を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Primary Active Transport
19.4K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction they would...
19.4K
Primary Active Transport
206.6K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
206.6K
Primary Active Transport
5.7K
5.7K
ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview
10.5K
ATP-driven pumps, also known as transport ATPases, are integral membrane proteins. They have binding sites for ATP located on the membrane's cytosolic side and the ion-conducting domain in the transmembrane region. These pumps use the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis to move the solutes across cell membranes against an electrochemical gradient.
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and...
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and...
10.5K
Electron Transport Chain Components
1.3K
The electron transport chain (ETC) is a crucial metabolic pathway that facilitates energy conversion in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In eukaryotes, the ETC comprises four membrane-associated protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In prokaryotes, the ETC in the plasma membrane can vary in composition, with fewer or different complexes depending on the organism and environmental conditions. These complexes transfer electrons from electron donors, such as NADH and FADH2, to...
1.3K
ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps
6.9K
The P-type pumps are a large family of integral membrane transporter ATPases. They are divided into five major types based on substrate specificity, from I to V.
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
6.9K


![Camera-based Measurements of Intracellular [Na+] in Murine Atrial Myocytes](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront.jove.com%2FCDNSource%2Fteasers%2F59600.jpg&w=3840&q=50)