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母親の糖尿病と子孫の自閉症の関連性

Anny H Xiang¹, Xinhui Wang¹, Mayra P Martinez¹

¹Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena.

|April 15, 2015

まとめ

妊娠初期 (26週目までに) に診断された母性妊娠糖尿病 (GDM) は,子供における自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) のリスクの増加と関連しています. 既存の2型糖尿病は,調整後に有意な関連性を示さなかった.

科学分野:

生殖医学は,生殖器医学である.
発達神経科学とは
エピデミオロジーエピデミオロジー

背景:

母親の糖尿病と自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) の関連性に関するデータは限られている.
ASDリスクに対する妊娠中の糖尿病被曝のタイミングの影響は十分に理解されていません.

研究の目的:

既にある2型糖尿病または妊娠糖尿病 (GDM) に曝された子孫におけるASDのリスクを調査する.
妊娠中のGDM診断のタイミングがASDリスクに影響するかどうかを判断する.

主な方法:

リトロスペクティブの縦断的なコホート研究では,1995年から2009年の間に322,323人のシングルトン出産を分析しました.
妊産婦の被曝には,既にある2型糖尿病,早期に診断されたGDM (≤26週間),遅れて診断されたGDM (>26週間),および糖尿病がないことが含まれていた.
子供はASD診断のために追跡され,コックス回帰モデルを使用して相対的なリスクが推定されました.

主要な成果:

妊娠26週で診断された母親のGDMは,完全な調整後にASDの1.42倍の増加リスク (HR,1.42;95%CI,1.15-1.74) と関連していました.
妊婦の既にある2型糖尿病は,完全な調整後のASDリスクと有意に関連していなかった (HR,1.21;95%CI,0.97-1.52).
妊娠26週後に診断されたGDMは,ASDリスクの増加を示さなかった (HR,0.98;95%CI,0.84-1.15)

結論:

妊娠初期糖尿病 (26週目までに) は,子孫における自閉症スペクトル障害の重要な危険因子です.
GDM診断のタイミングは,ASDリスクとの関連を理解する上で極めて重要です.
これらの発見は,妊娠初期にGDMを管理することの重要性を強調しています.

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