研究資金. 研究資金. 大きな名前か,大きなアイデアか:ピアレビューパネルは最高の科学提案を選択しますか?
1Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. dli@hbs.edu lagha@bu.edu.
まとめ
ピアレビュースコアは研究品質を正確に予測し,より良いスコアはより多くの引用,出版物,特許と相関していることを示しています. この結論は,研究者および制度的要因を考慮した後でも当てはまります.
科学分野:
- 生物医学研究への資金提供
- グラント審査プロセスは,
- 研究影響評価研究効果評価について
背景:
- ピアレビューは,科学的資金配分の礎石です.
- 研究成果に対するピアレビューの予測的妥当性を評価することは極めて重要です.
- 研究の成功に影響を与える要因を理解することは,資金提供機関にとって不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 将来の研究の質を予測する上で,ピアレビューパネルの有効性を評価する.
- 初期ピアレビュースコアと,その後の研究成果との関連を定量化する.
- この関連が,混同変数を制御した後に持続するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 新しいデータセットを使って,米国国立衛生研究所 (NIH) の研究プロジェクト (R01) 助成金 (1980-2008) の13万件以上を追跡した.
- 研究品質の指標として,出版,引用,特許出願の結果を分析した.
- 研究者の出版履歴,助成履歴,機関,キャリアステージ,学位タイプについて,統計的コントロールを行いました.
主要な成果:
- 高いピアレビュースコアは,一貫して優れた研究成果と関連していた.
- 1つの標準偏差の低いスコアは,引用の15%の減少を予測しました.
- また,スコアが低いと,出版が7%減,影響力のある出版が19%減,特許が14%減という相関関係もありました.
結論:
- NIHのピアレビュースコアは,将来の研究品質の有意な予測力を示しています.
- ピアレビューの予測有効性は,多くの研究者および制度的要因をコントロールしても,堅実です.
- これらの発見は,研究資金の配分においてピアレビューへの継続的な依存を裏付けている.
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