新しいコア/シェルNiAu/Auナノ粒子触媒は,水素進化反応のためのPtのような活性を持つ
Haifeng Lv1,2, Zheng Xi1, Zhengzheng Chen3
1†Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 1, 2015
まとめ
研究者たちは,NiAu合金ナノ粒子を作るための一般的な方法を開発しました. これらのナノ粒子は,水素進化反応のプラチナのような活性を持つコア/シェル構造に変容し,優れた耐久性を提供します.
科学分野:
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
- ナノテクノロジー ナノテクノロジー
- カタリシス カタリシス カタリシス
背景:
- 水素進化反応 (HER) の効率的で耐久性の高い触媒の開発は,持続可能なエネルギー技術にとって極めて重要です.
- ナノ粒子は,高い表面積と調節可能な組成により,ユニークな触媒特性を提供しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 水素進化反応 (HER) のための加強された触媒活性を持つ金属合金ナノ粒子 (NP) の一般的な合成アプローチを開発する.
- NiAu合金NPのコア/シェルNiAu/AuNPへの変換を調査し,その触媒性能を評価する.
主な方法:
- ニッケルアセチラセトネート (Ni(acac) 2) とクロロアウリック酸三水素 (HAuCl4·3H2O) を220°Cでオレーアミンとオレー酸の存在下で共還元してNiAu合金NPを形成する.
- 硫酸中の電気化学的ポテンシャルサイクリングにより,NiAu NPsをコア/シェルNiAu/Au NPsに変換する.
- 強化された触媒活動の起源を理解するための第一原理計算.
主要な成果:
- 合成方法はNiAu合金NPを成功裏に生成し,電気化学処理後にコア/シェルNiAu/AuNPに変形しました.
- コア/シェルのNiAu/Au NPsは,HERの触媒を大幅に強化し,プラチナのような活性と優れた耐久性を達成しました.
- 第一原理の計算は,殻の低調整の金鉱が,高触媒活性に寄与することを示した.
結論:
- MAu/Au (M = Ni, Fe, Co) コア/シェルナノ粒子を合成するための一般的なアプローチが確立されました.
- これらの新しい触媒は,水分裂および水素生成アプリケーションの効率と耐久性においてプラチナを上回る可能性を示しています.
- この研究は,持続可能なエネルギー生産のための新しい種類の触媒を提供する.
さらに関連する動画
06:32A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions
Published on: August 17, 2016
20.5K
10:19Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation
Published on: July 18, 2017
12.7K
関連する概念動画
Heterogeneous Catalysis
123
Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
123
Catalysis
32.5K
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
32.5K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
4.1K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
4.1K
Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
15.0K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
15.0K
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
9.6K
Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
9.6K
