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関連する概念動画

X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

11.1K
German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
11.1K
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

27.1K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
27.1K
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

5.2K
X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...
5.2K
Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

122
In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
122
Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

54.8K
Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
54.8K
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

15.3K
Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
15.3K

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Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
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Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Published on: October 11, 2016

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結晶学を超えて:相関性X線光源を用いた difrractiveイメージング

Jianwei Miao1, Tetsuya Ishikawa2, Ian K Robinson3

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. miao@physics.ucla.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 2, 2015
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

新しい一貫したイメージング方法とX線源は,非結晶材料の3D構造決定に革命を起こし,従来のX線結晶学の限界を克服しています.

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Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene
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Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene

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Simultaneous Brightfield, Fluorescence, and Optical Coherence Tomographic Imaging of Contracting Cardiac Trabeculae Ex Vivo
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Simultaneous Brightfield, Fluorescence, and Optical Coherence Tomographic Imaging of Contracting Cardiac Trabeculae Ex Vivo

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Apr 13, 2026

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
10:39

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Published on: October 11, 2016

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Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene
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Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene

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Simultaneous Brightfield, Fluorescence, and Optical Coherence Tomographic Imaging of Contracting Cardiac Trabeculae Ex Vivo
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Simultaneous Brightfield, Fluorescence, and Optical Coherence Tomographic Imaging of Contracting Cardiac Trabeculae Ex Vivo

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科学分野:

  • 物理,化学,材料科学,ナノ科学,地質学,生物学などです.

背景:

  • X線結晶学は1世紀もの間,科学的発見の礎となっており,結晶サンプルにおける3D原子構造のルーティン決定を可能にしました.
  • しかし,多くの重要な材料や生物学的サンプルは非結晶であり,従来の方法による構造分析を制限しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 近年の画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画期的な画
  • 非結晶物質の分析のための21世紀のX線画像技術の変化を強調する.

主な方法:

  • 新しい一貫したイメージング技術の開発.
  • 先進的なコヒーレントX線光源を活用する.

主要な成果:

  • 以前にアクセスできない非結晶のサンプルに対して,3D構造の決定を可能にします.
  • 構造分析の範囲を様々な科学分野に広げること.

結論:

  • 一貫したイメージング方法と高度なX線源は,伝統的なX線結晶学の限界を克服しています.
  • これらの進歩は,幅広い科学分野における構造的決定のための新しい道を開いている.