Fc受容体の差異的関与は,抗腫瘍ワクチンの効果を誘発する
David J DiLillo1, Jeffrey V Ravetch1
1Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Cell
|May 16, 2015
まとめ
モノクローナル抗体 (mAbs) は,長期的な抗腫瘍免疫を誘発することができます. Fc受容体 (FcγR) が抗原を呈現する細胞,特に dendritic cells (DCs) に関与することは,このワクチンの効果にとって極めて重要です.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- 抗体工学とは,抗体工学のことです.
背景:
- 抗腫瘍モノクローナル抗体 (mAbs) は,抗体依存細胞細胞毒性 (ADCC) を通して短期的な腫瘍細胞破壊を誘導する.
- 抗腫瘍mAb療法は,ワクチン効果と呼ばれる,長期的な抗腫瘍免疫反応を確立することもできます.
- このワクチンの効果を生成するメカニズムは,まだ完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 抗腫瘍モノクローナル抗体が長期のワクチン効果を生み出すメカニズムを解明する.
- 抗原呈現細胞におけるFcガンマ受容体 (FcγRs) が抗腫瘍細胞免疫を媒介する役割を調査する.
- ADCCとワクチン効果の誘導の両方に必要な特定のFcγR相互作用を決定する.
主な方法:
- ネズミのモデルを使用して,モデルネオアンチゲンに対して抗腫瘍ワクチン効果を研究しました.
- 人間のFcγRの関与を評価するために,FcγRを人間化したマウスを使用した.
- CD11c(+) 抗原を呈現する細胞と樹状細胞 (DCs) のFcγR発現の役割を調査した.
主要な成果:
- CD11c(+) 抗原を提示する細胞のFcγR発現は,ADCC後の抗腫瘍T細胞の反応を生成するために不可欠です.
- 抗腫瘍ヒトIgG1 (hIgG1) は,ADCCのマクロファージに対するヒトFcγRIIIA (hFcγRIIIA) の関与を必要とする.
- 強力なワクチンの効果を誘導するには,ヒトFcγRIIA (hFcγRIIA) のhIgG1が dendritic cells (DCs) に関与することが必要である.
結論:
- 抗腫瘍mAbsによって誘発されるワクチン効果は,抗原を提示する細胞とのFcγRの関与に依存しています.
- hFcγRIIIAはADCCの鍵ですが,DCsのhFcγRIIAは,長期の抗腫瘍細胞免疫を刺激するために重要です.
- 細胞毒性効果 (hFcγRIIIA結合) とDC活性化 (hFcγRIIA結合) の両方に抗体を最適化することは,効果的ながん免疫療法にとって極めて重要です.
さらに関連する動画
08:04In Vitro Tumor Cell Rechallenge For Predictive Evaluation of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Antitumor Function
Published on: February 27, 2019
12.9K
09:54Assessment of Human Natural Killer Cell Events Driven by FcγRIIIa Engagement in the Presence of Therapeutic Antibodies
Published on: May 22, 2020
4.0K
関連する概念動画
Tumor Immunotherapy
2.5K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
2.5K
Cancer Vaccines
1.4K
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
1.4K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors
2.2K
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
2.2K
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
17.8K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
17.8K
