人間の産前生殖系におけるDNA脱メチル化ダイナミクス
Sofia Gkountela1, Kelvin X Zhang2, Tiasha A Shafiq1
1Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Cell
|May 26, 2015
まとめ
人間の生殖細胞は,幹細胞とは異なるユニークなDNAメチル化パターンを示しています. これらの細胞は,グローバルなDNA脱メチル化イベントの後に表遺伝子を研究するための自然なモデルとして機能します.
科学分野:
- エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
背景:
- グローバルなDNA脱メチル化は,人間の早期発達と幹細胞の再プログラムに不可欠です.
- 人間の生殖細胞におけるDNAメチル化再プログラミングの正確な程度は,ほとんど特徴づけられていないままである.
研究 の 目的:
- ヒトの産前生殖細胞のDNAメチロームとトランスクリプトームを調査する.
- 人間の生殖系統の表遺伝子を,多能幹細胞 (PSC) と内部細胞質量 (ICM) と比較する.
- ゲルムラインとICMにおける脱メチル化から保護された領域を特定する.
主な方法:
- 全ゲノムビスルファイト配列解析 (WGBS) とRNA配列解析 (RNA-seq) は,ヒトの胎児生殖細胞 (53-137日の発育期) で実施されました.
主要な成果:
- 人間の生殖線は,ヒトのPSCとブラストシストICMと比較して,異なったトランスクリプトームとメチロームを示しています.
- 超低メチル化の特定の"ホットスポット"は,生殖線およびICM細胞の脱メチル化から保護されているトランポゾンで特定されました.
- 人間の生殖細胞は,グローバルDNA脱メチル化後のエピジェノミック変化を観察するためのインビボシステムを提供します.
結論:
- 人間の生殖線メチロームはユニークで,他の多能細胞タイプと大きく異なる.
- ゲルムラインとICMのトランスポーザブル元素は,保護されたメチル化状態を有する.
- 人間の生殖系統は,脱メチル化後のエピゲノムダイナミクスを研究するための貴重な自然モデルとして機能します.
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