酸素ショックを和らげることによって,血液形成幹細胞移植の効果を高めます
Charlie R Mantel1, Heather A O'Leary1, Brahmananda R Chitteti2
1Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Cell
|June 16, 2015
まとめ
血液形成性幹細胞 (HSC) 採取中の空気への曝露は,長期にわたって再増殖するHSCを減少させます. この外生理学的酸素ショック/ストレス (EPHOSS) 現象は,HSCの数が過小評価されていることを意味します. シクロスポリンAは,HSCをEPHOSSから保護する.
科学分野:
- 血液学 ヘマトロジ
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 幹細胞の研究について
背景:
- 血液形成性幹細胞 (HSC) は通常,低毒性骨髄と帯血のニッチに存在します.
- 標準的なHSCの分離と処理は,生理学的でない環境である周囲の空気の中で行われます.
研究 の 目的:
- HSC回復に対する環境酸素被曝の影響を調査する.
- 酸素に誘発されたHSCの損傷の背後にあるメカニズムを特定する.
- 細胞採取中に発生するダメージを軽減するための戦略を探求する.
主な方法:
- 骨髄と帯血の採取と操作は,周囲の空気に対して,本来の低酸素状態下で行われます.
- 長期にわたって再増殖するHSCと原始細胞集団の評価.
- 反応性酸素種 (ROS) 生成とミトコンドリアの透過性トランジション孔 (MPTP) 誘導の調査.
- MPTP阻害剤サイクロスポリンAの保護効果の評価
主要な成果:
- 周囲の酸素に短期間の曝露は,長期にわたるHSCの再定植の回復を大幅に低下させます.
- この外生理学的酸素ショック/ストレス (EPHOSS) 現象は,真のHSC数の過小評価につながります.
- ROSの生成と,サイクロフィリンDとp53によるMPTP誘導は,EPHOSS.のメカニズムとして特定されました.
- サイクロスポリンA治療は,HSCをEPHOSSから保護し,マウスの骨髄と人間の帯血の両方から移植可能なHSCの回復を促進しました.
結論:
- 採集と処理中の環境酸素への曝露は,機能的なHSCの重大な損失を引き起こす.
- EPHOSSの理解と緩和は,正確なHSC定量化と成功した移植に不可欠です.
- MPTPの薬理学的阻害は,HSC移植の結果を改善するために臨床上の利点を提供することができます.
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