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目のようなオセロイドは,異なるエンドシンビオティックに取得された成分から構築されています
Gregory S Gavelis1, Shiho Hayakawa2, Richard A White3
1Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Nature
|July 2, 2015
まとめ
ディノフラゲラトの目,またはオセロイドは,既存のミトコンドリアとプラスチドから構築された複雑な構造であり,多細胞性と高度な生物学的特徴の間のリンクに挑戦しています. この研究は,これらの単細胞の臓器細胞が,複雑な視覚システムを形成する方法を明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
背景:
- 多細胞性は通常,動物の目のような複雑な構造と関連付けられています.
- 単細胞のユーカリ生物であるダイノフラゲラットは,目のような有機体である"オセロイド"を持っています.
- オセロイドの起源と機能は,これらの生物を研究する際の課題のために,まだ十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- ダイノフラゲラトオセロイドの構造組成と進化的起源を解明する.
- 細胞下臓器細胞が単細胞生物で複雑な視覚構造を形成する方法を調査する.
主な方法:
- 電子顕微鏡とトモグラフィーは,オセロイドの超構造を視覚化します.
- 単細胞ゲノミクスと単細胞ゲノミクスを用いて,遺伝子成分を分析する.
- 臓器細胞の起源と機能の比較分析.
主要な成果:
- オセロイドは,既存の臓器細胞から組み立てられたキメリックな構造です.
- 角膜のような層はミトコンドリアによって形成されます.
- 網膜体は,古代の赤い藻のエンドシンビオシスから生じた,アナストモス化するプラスティドで構成されています.
結論:
- オセロイドは,既存の臓器細胞を組み立てることで,単細胞生物で複雑な解剖学的構造が生じる可能性があることを示しています.
- ミトコンドリアやプラスチドのような臓器細胞は,代謝の役割を超えた構造的複雑性の構成要素として機能することができます.
- これは,多細胞性は複雑な生物学的特徴の厳格な前提条件であるという概念に異議を唱える.
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